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Ancient China

Ancient China. Ms. Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY Edited by Ms. Steward Gateway Middle School. Neolithic China. “Peking Man” (750,000 – 500,000 BCE). Sinanthropus pekinesis. The 4 Old-World River Valley Cultures. Yellow River Civilization. Isolated River valleys

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Ancient China

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  1. Ancient China Ms. Susan M. PojerHorace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY Edited by Ms. Steward Gateway Middle School

  2. Neolithic China

  3. “Peking Man”(750,000 – 500,000 BCE) Sinanthropuspekinesis

  4. The 4 Old-World River Valley Cultures

  5. Yellow River Civilization

  6. Isolated River valleys 1. Yellow(Huang Ho) earliest civilization - damaging floods 2. Yangtze- very important in unification- transportation- irrigation Geographic Influences

  7. Hsia Dynasty 2205-1027 BCE

  8. Yu, the Great – Founder of the Hsia

  9. Hsia • Only know about this dynasty because of legend • Associated with invention of wheeled vehicles, ships, armor, pottery, and silk making

  10. Hsia Plaque, 1700 BCE

  11. Shang Dynasty 1766-1027 BCE

  12. Bronze Age Empires

  13. Shang: 1523-1028 BCE

  14. Raised silk worms; production of silk Bronze Age, daggers, sculptures, jade Ancestor worship The family was most important; not the government, not the self, not the religion Distinct Characteristics

  15. Oracle Bones

  16. Peasants support nobles, officials, bureaucracy, etc. Government centered in towns Warrior elite; Poor live in primitive conditions Differences between rich and poor price of civilization ? Society

  17. The Evolution of ChineseWriting during the Shang Semantic-Phonetics Pictographs

  18. Axe Scepter – 1100 BCE - jade Ceremonial Dagger – 1028 BCE

  19. Shang Bronzes

  20. Zhou Dynasty 1027 - 256 BCE

  21. Western Zhou:1027-771 BCE

  22. Eastern Zhou:771-256 BCE

  23. Probable nomadic invaders ended Shang dynasty the Zhou dynasty 1027 B.C. replaced one ruling class with another “meet the new boss...same as the old boss.” Zhou/Chou Dynasty

  24. Decentralized government Local nobility Long running problem 771 B.C. Chou driven east Zhou Characteristics

  25. The mandate of Heaven Universal monarch favors consolidation xenophobic Emperor is the Son of Heaven Feudal monarchy Political Theory

  26. “T’ien Ming” The Mandate of Heaven • The leader must lead by ability and virtue. • The dynasty's leadership must be justified by succeeding generations. • The mandate could be revoked by negligence and abuse; the will of the people was important.

  27. 771 B.C. Dozen-plus states Balance of power until 500’s Period of consolidation by warfare warfare chronic Period of Warring States

  28. Response to crisis and uncertainty Confucianism a sort of philosophy Taoism a sort of religion Development of Intellectual Movement

  29. Ritual Food Vessel, bronze 11c BCE (Western Zhou)

  30. Ritual Wine Vessel – 4cbronze, silver, gold, copper

  31. Zhou Coins - bronze

  32. The Dynastic Cycle Secular Law Beginnings of political philosophy through which a ruler must prove he/she is legitimate Mandate of Heaven Imperial China’s Impact on History

  33. A new dynasty comes to power. The emperorreforms the govt.& makes it moreefficient. Start here Emperor isdefeated !! Lives of common people improved;taxes reduced;farming encouraged. TheDynasticCycle Rebel bands findstrong leader whounites them.Attack the emperor. Problems begin(extensive wars,invasions, etc.) Poor looserespect for govt.They join rebels& attack landlords. Taxes increase;men forced towork for army.Farming neglected. Droughts,floods,famines occur. Govt. increasesspending; corruption.

  34. Imperial China: Qin to Ming Dynasties

  35. Established China’s first empire Shi Huangdi (221-206 BC) Legalist rule Bureaucratic administration Centralized control Military expansion Built large section of the Great Wall Qin (Ch’in) Dynasty 221-206 B.C.

  36. Shi Huangdi’s Terra Cotta Army

  37. Shi Huangdi’s Terra Cotta Army

  38. Shi Huangdi’s Terra Cotta Soldiers& Cavalrymen

  39. Cavalry

  40. Individual Soldiers

  41. The Details of an Individual Soldier

  42. The Great Wall with Towers

  43. Ruled for 400 years New bureaucracy Emphasis on centralization weakening of the aristocracy Imperial expansion Han dynasty

  44. Han Dynasty, 206 B.C.E.-220 C.E. • Paper invented [105 B.C.E.] Silk Road trade develops; improves life for many, cities develops • Buddhism introduced into China • Expanded into Central Asia

  45. Han Dynasty 206BCE-220 CE (Roman Times) -Advanced in science and literature -Invented rudder, paper, magnetic compass, acupuncture -Short period of Civil War- Sui Dynasty connected two rivers with canal- over extended

  46. Han – Roman Empire Connection

  47. Han Artifacts Imperial Seal Han Ceramic House

  48. Ceramics, Later Han Period

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