1a.

1. 1a. • A student investigated the effect of radiation on the germination of bean seeds. He thought that exposure to radiation would limit the seeds ability to germinate (grow) much like ultraviolet light causing skin cancer. • Write a problem and hypothesis for this experiment. • How does radiation effect the germination of seeds? • If exposed to radiation than it will limit the seed’s ability to germinate.

2. 1 b, c, d • Three hundred seeds were soaked in distilled water for one hour. They were then divided into three groups. One group was placed in a microwave oven on high for 3 seconds. Another group was microwaved on high for 6 seconds. The last group was not microwaved. • What is the independent and dependent variable? • Ind: The amount of radiation • Dep: The seed germination • What is the control? • The seeds not microwaved • What remained constant? • Type of seeds, location, amount of water

3. 2 a, b, c • A student investigated the effect of fertilizer on the growth of bean plants. She thought that the fertilizer would provide extra nutrients and make plants grow faster. Box A received fertilizer and box B did not receive fertilizer. • Independent variable • Fertilizer • Dependent variable • Growth of bean plant • Control • Box B no fertilizer

4. 3 a, b, c • What is the difference between male and female students in room 301? • 5 students • Which classroom has more females than males? • Room 303 • What conclusion can be made from this graph? • There are generally more males than females

5. 4. • Students in a biology class thought that salt water would affect the movements of planaria. They put 25 planaria in salt water and recorded their observations. The students however could not tell if there was any changes in the planaria movement because they forgot what part of the experiment? • a. There was no hypothesis • b. There was no control • c. The sample was too big • d. The procedure was too complicated

6. 5. • Quantitative • The temperature is 78 degrees. • Qualitative • The substance is a blue liquid.

7. 6. • You are working for a company that grows carrots commercially. The results of your research show that Vitamin A is an important nutrient used to make rhodopsin a pigment in our eyes. Carrots are an excellent source of vitamin A. Before publishing your results you must verify your results are free of bias by • a. investigating similar vegetables and their results • b. extending your research for 3 or more years • c. testing a larger population of subjects using various foods • d. having an independent research company perform the same investigation

8. 7. • Mark (T) for theory and (L) for Law next to the statement it pertains to. • Law a well-supported description • Law absolute scientific certainty • Theory can be proven false • Theory highly tested explanation (hypothesis), generally accepted to be true

9. 8. • When might a theory be proven to be false and changed? • When new evidence is discovered

10. 9. • What would be the power of magnification for a microscope that has an ocular lens of (10x) and a objective lens of (100x)? • 1000x

11. 10-14 • 10. What type of microscope do you use to see the 3-D shape of a virus? • Scanning Electron Microscope • 11. What type of microscope do you use to see the inside of a cell or virus? • Transmission Electron Microscope • 12. Which microscope allows you to see living cells in color? • Compound Light Microscope • 13. The compound light microscope uses light to help see a small object, whereas an electron microscope uses • Electrons • 14. Why are images in an electron microscope not in color? • Does not use light

12. 15-16 • 15.) What type of medical imaging would a doctor recommend for a person who may have broken their hand? • X-ray • 16.) A patient comes to you complaining of severe headaches, what type of medical imaging would you recommend? • MRI

13. 17- 18 • 17.) What is the smallest unit of life? • Cells • 18.) Homeostasis means • Same or stable internal conditions • 19.) List the 8 characteristics of life: • Cells -Requires Energy -Organization • Homeostasis -Response to stimuli • Change over time -Growth -Reproduction

14. 20. • Put the following biological hierarchy in order from smallest to largest: • Organ, Organ System, Cell, Tissue, Organism • Cell, Tissue, Organ, Organ system, Organism

15. 22-24 • 22.) What are the 3 goals of science? • Understand natural world • Explain natural world • Predict events in natural world • 23.) What is the definition of science? • Understanding of the physical/natural world through observation and experimentation • 24.) What can science not tell us? How do we know something is not science? • Cannot experience through our five senses • Cannot predict the future, tell if something is beautiful or anything about the supernatural

16. 25-27 • 25.) Can a theory ever become a law? Why or why not? • No, a theory is an explanation and a law is a description • 26.) What are the similarities between a theory and law? • Both are generally accepted to be true, used to advance technology and make predictions • 27.) How are theories developed? • When a hypothesis has been tested many times and have received the same results