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Dhaka, 17 February 2012

Move for becoming the frontiers of Medical Biotechnology in Bangladesh. Key Note Speech. Why Medical Biotechnology in Bangladesh. Dhaka, 17 February 2012. BT. IT. IT & BT Two of the most popular words currently talked in our world IT → Information Technology BT → Biotechnology

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Dhaka, 17 February 2012

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  1. Move for becoming the frontiers of Medical Biotechnology in Bangladesh Key Note Speech Why Medical Biotechnology in Bangladesh Dhaka, 17 February 2012

  2. BT IT • IT & BT • Two of the most popular words currently talked in our world • IT→ Information Technology • BT→ Biotechnology • Development experts believe that the power & influence of BT will exceed that of IT by manifolds

  3. Just in one decade or so ! Our life will be significantly influenced by Biotechnology

  4. The trend has been set already

  5. The trend…

  6. What is Biotechnology?

  7. What is Biotechnology? Cell Organ Body Chromosome DNA

  8. DNA dictates protein synthesis Protein

  9. What is Gene? Gene is the part of DNA which dictates protein synthesis for specific characteristics

  10. Biotechnology applies technique of Genetic Engineering Genetic engineering is a technique for genetic modification through removal, addition or replacement of gene for adding, altering or hiding characteristics in living things

  11. Method ofGenetic Engineering Simple Method 2 1 4 5 3 Interchangeable between species

  12. The way how BT works Production of Golden rice By Gene Engineering

  13. Replacement therapy Insulin

  14. Cloning?

  15. Therapeutic cloning

  16. Human Cloning

  17. FDA already approved over 1000 GM drugs • Insulin • Interferon • Anti-cancer drugs • Growth hormone • Blood products Pharmaceutical sector Profitable Medical Biotechnology Sector BT is cheaper • In conventional method, drug development requires 10-12 yrs • Begins with animal trial • Ends on trial on human volunteers • Trial is not organ or tissue specific→more side effects • Requires huge initial investment • Patent rights of bigger companies burden smaller industries

  18. Future of stem cell research • Human stem cell-based trial made it possible to discover • Anti-tumor drugs • Cardiac drugs • Artificial blood products

  19. Source of stem cells

  20. What we are seeing now? • Many BT drugs • BT Medical devices • BT Vaccines • BT Diagnostic reagents Agriculture & Livestock • BT crops, viz., soybean oil • May be BT fish • Designer meat

  21. Biomass forBiogas & Electricity

  22. GM crops, viz. banana, maize & potato may act as edible vaccines Breakthrough in vaccine development • It is possible to know exact genetic nature of antigen (microorganism or disease agent) • This helps in extraction of purified specific antigen from bacterial/viral protein or alternate source • No need to use live attenuated or killed virus/bacteria to produce vaccines In only 80 hectors of land, hepatitis B vaccine to immunize all the children in the world would be possible • Elimination of: • costly cold chain & • hazards of vaccine-related infections

  23. Every body’s gene is different Every body does not respond to same drug equally We will also see – Individualized medicine • Benefits: • Less mistakes in doses • Lower drug costs • Failed drug in one population will work on another population

  24. 11 cousins removed stomach [AP; 27 May 2006] We will also see – Growing popularity of genetic diagnosis & therapy • Carriers of CDH1 gene • A rare mutation • Carriers have 70% chance of developing gastric cancer Pre- & post-implant genetic diagnosis

  25. We will also see – Faster growth of bioinformatics

  26. We will also see – Remarkable growth of nano-medicine

  27. India developed Shanvac-B from herbs with 4-years of research Shanvac-B is a hepatitis B vaccine Previous imports costs: $6 per dose Now sells in India: 50 cents Received WHO certification UNICEF ordered for whole world We will also see – Revisit to indigenous medicine

  28. Research • Ample opportunity to conduct BT research • Commercially available products: • Stem cell lines for drugdevelopment, in-vitro fertilization & cell culture • Recombinant virus or bacteria for testing drug resistance • Plasmids for producing recombinant DNA

  29. Do you know why the global food price was high than any time before? Bio-fuels Bio-energy from Spinach

  30. Medico-legal fact finding Determination of heredity Criminal tracing

  31. Debate about Biotechnology Safety of human health & nutrition Safety about environment Loss of natural environment

  32. BT debate… Patent The Basmati Patent Debate Intellectual property rights?

  33. BT debate… Embryo cloning! How much to allow? • Ethics • Religion • Personal privacy • Social discrimination

  34. Abuse?

  35. Why country can not ignore BT? Global BT Revenue • BT attracted substantial investment • Mostly in MBT sector • This dominance will continue BT has enough debates Yet almost all countries consider it as one of the most important drivers for economic growth

  36. BT in India (Target 2010) Target for employment generation: 1 million

  37. BT in India (current)

  38. BT in India… • Investment for BT since 1985: .......... US$ 1b • Active BT companies: ....................... ~800 • Industries on advanced BT: .............. 50% • BT Industries devoted to: • Human health applications: ..................... 60% • Agriculture: ................................................ 10% • Industrial, bioinformatics, genomics: ..... 30%

  39. Why MBT goes on top of BT? • People better accept bio-pharmaceuticals than BT crops, fisheries or livestock • It may have following reasons: • Doctors prescribe medicines • In illness, the side effects become secondary • Belief about rigorous regulatory conditions for drug approval • People can choose from alternate food

  40. Migration of opportunities of BT New reality in industrialized countries

  41. Migration of opportunities of BT... Brain-drain vs. export of human resources • Country should build good environment • If not, there will be brain drain • Expansion of quality BT education, research & students’ intake is need of time • The benefit will be: • Enough skilled manpower to work in home • Earning of remittances by skilled manpower export

  42. Our Bio-Safety Concerns • Concerns • Consumption • Wide-scaleHandlingChronic exposure • Environmental pollution through natural exposure & unsafe disposal Biotech foods, drugs & other products • Import • Production • Export

  43. The To-Dos • Examine Health & Nutritional safety • Examine Environmental safety • Create public awareness • Build & Enforce Surveillance & Regulatory measures • Explore opportunity of application of biotechnology

  44. Component of Regulatory System Permission for BT research License for import of BT drug or diagnostic reagent License for Biotech food License for Biotech lab BT related Disease surveillance Certificate for MBT degree or diploma

  45. Expectations from you Understand & feel Speak & write Influence policy Participate Production of diagnostic & research kits, vaccines Research Genetic diagnosis & therapy Study further Think to take as career

  46. Thank you DNA DANCE

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