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Neuropsychology

Neuropsychology. Or Ion Channels, Action Potentials, and other “shocking” things about the brain (the most “current” information available!). The Neuron. Basic Unit of Neuropsychology Golgi Stain shows anatomy of neurons Nissl Stain shows number of neurons in a given area. The Neuron.

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Neuropsychology

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  1. Neuropsychology Or Ion Channels, Action Potentials, and other “shocking” things about the brain (the most “current” information available!)

  2. The Neuron Basic Unit of Neuropsychology Golgi Stain shows anatomy of neurons Nissl Stain shows number of neurons in a given area

  3. The Neuron

  4. The Neuron Because of excess K+ ions inside the cell membrane the neuron is polarized When enough excitatory neurotransmitters bind, the neuron depolarizes and ‘fires’

  5. Single Cell Recording Place an electrode on a single neuron and measure the frequency of firing. Can also do single cell stimulation – pleasure center studies

  6. Lesions Strokes Aspiration Lesions Cryogenic Blockade External Injuries – Picture is Phineas Gage’s actual skull!

  7. Methods in Neuropsych Spatial Resolution – How close in physical proximity you can get to the target brain area Temporal Resolution – How close in time you can get to when the neurons fire Invasiveness – The extent to which foreign substances are introduced to the body. Cost – All are really expensive

  8. fMRI Measures O2 flow to different brain areas

  9. fMRI Good Spatial Resolution, poor temporal resolution, completely non-invasive

  10. PET Measures 2-deoxyglycose flow to brain areas

  11. PET Excellent Spatial Resolution, poor temporal resolution, somewhat invasive

  12. MEG Measures magnetic signals associated with neural firing in brain areas

  13. MEG Poor spatial resolution, excellent temporal resolution, completely non-invasive

  14. Optical Imaging Measures light absorption associated with neural firing in brain areas

  15. Optical Imaging Good, but limited spatial resolution, excellent temporal resolution, completely non-invasive

  16. TMS Sends current through the scalp to activate different neural regions

  17. TMS Good Spatial Resolution, Excellent temporal resolution, highly invasive

  18. Dissociations Good Neuropsych studies look for dissociations: Task 1 Task 2 No Activation Brain Area 1 Activation No Activation Brain Area 2 Activation

  19. Memory Hippocampal lesions and the case of H.M.

  20. Memory Bilateral Removal of the Hippocampus Anterograde vs. Retrograde Amnesia Short Term vs. Long Term Memory Implicit vs. Explicit Memory

  21. Brain Functions

  22. Split Brain

  23. Split Brain

  24. Split Brain

  25. Parting Thoughts Famous dissociation is the Fusiform Gyrus

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