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The Congress of Vienna. The Congress of Vienna. Europe looking for peace & stability Purpose of Congress: set up policies Countries involved: Russia, Prussia, Austria, Great Britain, France “5 great powers”. Prince Klemens von Metternich. Did not trust democratic ideas
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The Congress of Vienna • Europe looking for peace & stability • Purpose of Congress: set up policies • Countries involved: • Russia, Prussia, Austria, Great Britain, France • “5 great powers”
Prince Klemens von Metternich • Did not trust democratic ideas • Napoleon’s behavior a natural outcome • Focus on stability of laws • Goals • Surround France w/ strong countries • Balance of power • Restore royal families to thrones
Goal 1: Surround France w/ strong countries • Kingdom of Netherlands formed • Austrian Netherlands + Dutch Republic • 39 German states combine (German Confederation) • Switzerland independent
Goal 2: Balance of Power • Want to weaken France • Cannot severly punish France • Why not?
Goal 3: Restore royal families • Stabilize political relations among the nations
Congress of Vienna: a success? • Multiple nations cooperate • No country upset • No future wars come from meeting • 40 years w/o war
Congress causes Differences • Britain & France – constitutional monarchies • Eastern/Central Europe – more conservative • Russia, Prussia, Austrial – absolute monarchs
French Revolution and democracy • Liberty, equality • Austria & Prussia – Holy Alliance • Base relations on Christian principles • Concert of Europe • Ensured nations would help one another if revolutions broke out
Revolution in Latin America • Spain • Napoleon ousted king during Peninsular War • Creoles seized control of American colonies • Restoration caused conflict between creoles and peninsulares • Spanish king tries to increase control • Mexicans revolt, other colonies follow
Long-Term Legacy • Nationalism begins to spread • Views of power and authority forever changed • Why is this important today? • Are there any organizations that hold to simliar ideas/goals as the Congress of Vienna?