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Understanding the Diverse Climate of the Middle East

Explore the arid desert regions like the Sahara and adapt to the oasis life. Learn about the steppe areas and pastoral nomadism. Discover other climates, from Mediterranean coastal regions to highlands with diverse landscapes. Climate change challenges include overgrazing and irrigation impacts on ecosystems.

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Understanding the Diverse Climate of the Middle East

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  1. Middle East Climate

  2. Arid Climates • Desert – ½ the land area of the region • Less than 10 inches of rain per year • Sahara, Rub’ al Khali, Kara Kum • Oasis • Desalination to get drinking water • Steppe • 10 – 14 inches of rain per year • Most of Turkey, Mesopotamia, along the Gulf, Central Asia • Pastoral nomadism

  3. Other Climates • Mediterranean in Coastal Areas • Climate similar to Italy or So. California • Citrus fruits for export to Europe • Tourist areas for beaches and ancient cities • Highlands • Mountain areas – varies by elevations • Caucasus and Hindu Kush Mts. • Rain shadow effect creates areas with enough rain to support agriculture

  4. Climate Change Overgrazing of grasslands creates deserts desertification Diverting too much water for irrigation changes ecosystems Can create pollution issues

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