1 / 26

Roadmap for Cathode Materials for Electric Vehicles

Roadmap for Cathode Materials for Electric Vehicles. Joe DiCarlo. August 2012. 1 | Introduction BASF 2 | BASF’s Battery Material Activities 3 | Cathode Portfolio 4 | Next Generation Cathodes 5 | Summary. 2. BASF Headquarter in Ludwigshafen, Germany.

alka
Download Presentation

Roadmap for Cathode Materials for Electric Vehicles

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Roadmap for Cathode Materials for Electric Vehicles Joe DiCarlo August 2012

  2. 1 | Introduction BASF 2 | BASF’s Battery Material Activities 3 | Cathode Portfolio 4 | Next Generation Cathodes 5 | Summary 2

  3. BASF Headquarter in Ludwigshafen, Germany

  4. BASF – The Chemical CompanyThe World’s Leading Chemical Company We create Chemistry for a sustainable future We combine economical success with social responsibility and the protection of the environment Sales 2011: m€ 73,497 EBIT 2011: m€ 8,586 Employees (December 31, 2011): 111,000 About 1,100 new patents filed in 2011 6 Verbund sites and about 390 production sites 4

  5. BASF and the Automotive Industryca 10 – 15 % of total BASF Sales

  6. 1 2 3 1 2 3 2 Chemistry as Enabler of Electromobility Smart Forvision in Cooperation with BASF Technologies for the Car of Tomorrow Electrical energy efficiency • Solar roof with transparent organic solar cells • Transparent organic OLEDs Temperature management • IR-reflecting films/pigments • High performance foams for insulation Multifunctional lightweight construction • Lightweight ergonomically designed seats • Thermoplastic polyamide wheel Go online at www.smartforvision.basf.com

  7. 1 | Introduction BASF 2 | BASF’s Battery Material Activities 3 | Cathode Portfolio 4 | Next Generation Cathodes 5 | Summary 7

  8. BASF R&D BASF products Li-Batteries for Automotive ApplicationsOverview: Lithium Ion Battery Material Solutions by BASF • Battery Cell Chemistry: • Decrease cost • Increase range • Increase lifetime Li-Intercalation Anode Binder Electrolyte Cathode

  9. BASF is a Material Supplier for LiBs Raw Materials Materials Cells Pack OEM BASF Customer/Partner The battery determines characteristics of an electric vehicle • Range, costs, safety,… The battery allows for differentiation and value creation • Challenging technology and chance for chemistry / engineering / OEMs Materials are the heart of the battery cell • Chemistry plays a central role as material supplier

  10. BASF Battery Unit:Investments and Acquisitions by BASF Strategy: Strengthen Organic Growth of BASF Battery Materials Li-Ion NiMHx POST-Li-ION ELECTROLYTES CATHODES • Ovonic Battery Company: Acquisition (2.2012) • Merck Elektrolyte: Acquisition of Elektrolyte Activities of Merck (2.2012) • Novolyte: Acquisition of Business (4.2012) • LFP License: Licensing agreement to acquire LFP technology from LiFePO4+C (4.2012) • Sion Power: Investment of 50mio USD (1.2012)

  11. 1 | Introduction BASF 2 | BASF’s Battery Material Activities 3 | Cathode Portfolio 4 | Next Generation Cathodes 5 | Summary 11

  12. BASF Cathode – PortfolioFor Today, Tomorrow and … the Future: Today Co (LCO) NCM (xyz): Example: Li1+x(Ni0.33Co0.33Mn0.33)1-xO2 0.0 1.0 0.2 0.8 LFP: LiFePO4 0.4 0.6 Co Mn + known materials, demonstrated technology - Low energy content Classic high stability region 0.6 0.4 NCM-111 High capacity – low safety region Tomorrow NCM-433 HE-NCM: HE-NCMs NCM-424 NCM-523 LNCO 0.8 0.2 HV-Spinel: NCM-622 NCM-811 NCM-514 NCM-415 + Higher energy content - Development stage NCM-929 Lower cost region 1.0 0.0 HV spinel 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 Ni Mn (LMO) Ni (LNO) Phase Diagram Future Li-S Li-Air BASF has licensed broad cathode patent portfolio from Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) covering NCMs BASF licensed global rights for the production and sale of LFP from LiFePO4+C Licensing AG, Switzerland + Higher energy content - (Pre) R&D stage

  13. Picture: Journal of Materials Chemistry, Vol 17, Thackeray et al. 1 | Introduction BASF 2 | BASF’s Battery Material Activities 3 | Cathode Portfolio 4 | Next Generation Cathodes 5 | Summary 13

  14. 1: HE-NCMs “High Energy” NCMs: Capacity increase at slightly lower av. Voltage Discharge profiles BASF HE-NCM vs. NCM-111 Voltage [V] 5.0 High Voltage Region 4.5 Standard Voltage Region 4.0 HE-NCM 3.5 NCM-111 3.0 2.5 E = Q × U 2.0 1.5 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 Capacity [Ah/kg]

  15. Improvements High Energy HE-NCM Improvement of BASF HE-NCMs (last 5 Quarters): Irreversible Capacity [%] Tap density [g/ml] Capacity at 1C [mAh/g] • All Materials scaled to pilot plant scale at 100kg

  16. D50 = 16 µm D50 = 11 µm 1500 : 1 1500 : 1 20µm 20µm Morphology BASF HE-NCM Materials Control of particle size and Improved Particle Morphology:

  17. 300 2C 250 4C 200 Capacity [mAh/g] 150 100 50 Half-cell / Li-anode 0 0,1 1 10 C-Rate BASF’s HE-NCM Rate Capability Improved Capacity vs. C-Rate capability:

  18. 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 BASF HEDTM HE-NCMs Cycling Stability of HE-NCM (Graphite Anode) vs. normal voltage NCMs HE-NCM Specific capacity [Ah/kg] NCM-523 25°C - 0.5 C Cycle No.

  19. 50 100 150 2: HV-Spinel “High Voltage” Spinel: Voltage increase at slightly lower Capacity Discharge profiles BASF HV spinel vs. NCM-111 and LFP Voltage [V] 5.0 High Voltage Region 4.5 HV spinel 4.0 NCM-111 3.5 LFP 3.0 2.5 E = Q × U 2.0 1.5 0 Capacity [Ah/kg]

  20. Specific capacity [Ah/kg] Standard cell chemistry 25°C, 1.0 C 4.25V – 4.80V Cycle No. BASF HEDTM HV-spinel Cycling Stability of HV Spinel (Pouch Cell vs Graphite) Cell chemistry 2 (“modification”) Cell chemistry 1 (“additives in electrolyte”)

  21. Comparison of Cathodes Material Energy Density of different Cathode Materials: • HE-NCM, HV-Spinel cathode material can deliver up to 65 % more specific energy density vs. NCM-111 • How much of it can be realized on the cell level ?

  22. Energy Density on the Layer Level Energy Density on Layer Level:repeating units of Anode, Cathode Current Collectors, Electrolyte Cu anode separator cathode Al cathode separator anode Cu anode Parameters Layer level The pores are filled with electrolyte of density 1.3 g/cm3. The anode thickness is calculated, so that the following balancing equation is fulfilled: 1st cycle charge capacity per cm2 of cathode = capacity per cm2 of anode 1st cycle charge capacity = specific capacity / (100% – irrev. Capacity) Irreversible capacity on the anode (SEI formation) and anode over-sizing is neglected in the model.

  23. Comparison Cathodes on the Layer Level Gravimetric and Volumetric Energy Density on the Layer Level: • HE-NCM and HV-Spinel cathode materials provide significant energy density advantage on the cell level

  24. Metal Costs ComparisonNCM vs. HE-NCM / Spinel Pure metal value fluctuations in 10y period in 1 kg of NCM-111, HE-NCM and Spinel • Next generation cathode materials with marked improvements in costs and energy content.

  25. Summary: BASF is a committed supplier of materials for Lithium-Ion-Batteries Cathode Materials (NCMs, LFP), Electrolytes and Technical Polymers are commercial products of BASF Next Generation Materials such as HE-NCM and HV-spinel offer significant advantage of energy density BASF develops these novel cathode materials tailor-made for high-energy applications BASF will improve performance of today’s Lithium Ion Batteries with an optimized combination of materials like HE-NCM and tailor-made electrolytes

More Related