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Electric Currents

Electric Currents. • Electric PE and Potential Difference • Electric Current and Resistance • Ohm’s Law, Ohmic vs. Nonohmic • Electric Circuits and EMF • Potential Divider Circuits and Sensors. How does electric potential energy compare to gravitational potential energy?.

allistair-alford
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Electric Currents

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  1. Electric Currents • Electric PE and Potential Difference • Electric Current and Resistance • Ohm’s Law, Ohmic vs. Nonohmic • Electric Circuits and EMF • Potential Divider Circuits and Sensors

  2. How does electric potential energy compare to gravitational potential energy? • A gravitational field acts between two masses • Work done against a gravitational field • Increases PE • Work done by a gravitational field • Decreases PE

  3. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + _ + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - How does electric potential energy compare to gravitational potential energy? • An electric field acts between two charges • Work done against an electric field • Increases PE • Work done by an electric field • Decreases PE

  4. For each of the following: does PE increase or decrease? • Opposite charges are brought together:

  5. For each of the following: does PE increase or decrease? • Opposite charges are brought together: Decrease • Like charges are moved apart:

  6. For each of the following: does PE increase or decrease? • Opposite charges are brought together: Decrease • Like charges are moved apart: Decrease • Like charges are brought together:

  7. For each of the following: does PE increase or decrease? • Opposite charges are brought together: Decrease • Like charges are moved apart: Decrease • Like charges are brought together: Increase • Opposite charges are moved apart:

  8. For each of the following: does PE increase or decrease? • Opposite charges are brought together: Decrease • Like charges are moved apart: Decrease • Like charges are brought together: Increase • Opposite charges are moved apart: Increase

  9. What is electric potential difference? • The change in PE per unit charge. • How can it be calculated?

  10. What is a volt? • Unit for electric potential energy (potential difference.) • Joules of energy required to move 1c between two points in an electric field. • Measured with a voltmeter

  11. What is a volt? Ex) 27J of work are required to move a charge of 3c, What is the voltage?

  12. What is an electron-volt? • Another unit for work • The energy required to move 1 electron (or proton) through a potential difference of 1 volt. 1ev = 1.60x10-19J (in reference table)

  13. Electron Volt • Ex) What quantity is equivalent to 4.8x10-17 joules? • 4.8 ev • 4.8x10-17 ev • 300 ev • 480 ev

  14. Electric Potential difference in a Uniform Field

  15. Example • The electric field intensity between two parallel plates is 4.0x104 N/c. If the plates are separated by 5.0x10-3 m, what is the potential difference of the plates? • 3.0x104 volts • 200 volts • 8.0x106 volts • 120 volts

  16. - - + + Which has the greater Electric Potential Difference

  17. - - + + Which has the greater Electric Potential Difference

  18. Relating PE to KE: gain in KE = loss in electrical PE

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