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Explore the tumultuous events leading to WWI, from chaos in Mexico to the impact of submarine warfare. Learn about Wilson's moral diplomacy, the election of 1916, US entry into the war, and the significance of Wilson's 14 Points. Dive into American life during the war, wartime economy, the Espionage and Sedition Acts, and pivotal Supreme Court cases. Discover the role of women's suffrage, forging a war economy, and the experiences of the "Doughboys" in France. Uncover the American Expeditionary Force's role in ending the war and the aftermath of the conflict.

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  1. Identify: • Articles of Confederation

  2. Identify: • Common Sense

  3. Chapter 30 The War to End War

  4. Moralistic Diplomacy in Mexico • Chaos in Mexico in early 1900s • 1900-1930: 1 million+ immigrants to US from Mexico • General Victoriano Huerta seizes control in 1913, Wilson does not support him

  5. Moral Diplomacy • Wilson sells weapons to rebels against Huerta • Tampico Incident • ABC Powers • President Carranza

  6. Pancho Villa

  7. Causes of World War I • Jigsaw

  8. Alliances

  9. Assassination • Archduke Franz Ferdinand (Austria-Hungary)

  10. Neutrality • Economic ties with the Allies

  11. Economics • American recession • $2.3 billion selling to Allies when “neutral” • Germany mad

  12. Election of 1916 • Woodrow Wilson (d) • “He kept us out of war”

  13. US Entry into WWI • German submarine warfare • Zimmerman Note • Bolshevik Revolution

  14. Submarine Warfare • Jan 31, 1917: Germany announced unrestricted submarine warfare on all ships • Hoped this would take Britain out of the war before America joined • Sussex Pledge • Lusitania

  15. Zimmerman Note • German telegram: proposed a secret alliance b/w Germany and Mexico • Leaked to Americans

  16. Bolshevik Revolution • “fighting for democracy” • Russian Czar is overthrown

  17. April 2, 1917 • Wilson asks Congress for a war declaration • “a war to end war” • “make the world safe for democracy”

  18. Wilson’s 14 Points • Address to Congress, WWI being fought for a moral cause • 1. Proposal to abolish secret treaties • 2. Freedom of the seas • 3. Removal of economic barriers b/w countries • 4. Reduction of militaries • 5. Adjustment of colonial claims • 14. League of Nations

  19. Wilson primary source activity

  20. American Life during the War • Committee on Public Information • George Creel • Propaganda

  21. Enforcing loyalty • 8 million German-Americans in US • Hysterical hatred of Germans

  22. Espionage Act, 1917 • Illegal to support US enemies

  23. Sedition Act, 1918 • Illegal to speak out against the government • Eugene Debs imprisoned

  24. Schenck vs. US

  25. Law and Order:US History

  26. Schenck v. US Landmark Supreme Court case Charles Schenck, Secretary of Socialist Party Protested the draft during WWI Arrested for violating the Espionage Act Appealed to the Supreme Court citing First Amendment

  27. Instructions • Examine your folder of evidence • Decide Schenck’s verdict (guilty or innocent?) • Cite at least 3 pieces of evidence supporting your verdict • Present verdict to the class

  28. Wartime Economy • Wilson increased size of army, created shipbuilding program • War Industries Board- 1918

  29. Workers in Wartime • Strike discouraged- draft unemployed males • National War Labor Board • AFL- supported war • IWW- did not

  30. 1919 • Steelworkers strike • 250,000 steelworkers went on strike • Replaced by 30,000 African Americans • Hurt unions • “Great Migration” race riots

  31. Women’s Suffrage • National Women’s Party: anti-war • National American Women’s Suffrage Association (NAWSA): supported war • Women worked jobs left behind during war

  32. 1920 • 19th Amendment: women get the right to vote!

  33. Forging a War Economy • Food Administration- Herbert Hoover • “wheatless Wednesdays” • “meatless Tuesdays” • No ration cards • Congress restricted the use of food to make alcohol

  34. 1919 • 18th Amendment: Prohibition, “production, transportation, and sale” of alcohol illegal

  35. “Doughboys” • Draft Act- 1917 • Males between 18 and 45 had to register • Could not purchase exemption or send a replacement • Women and African Americans

  36. Fighting in France • Bolshevik Revolution- pulled Russia out of war

  37. American Expeditionary Force • American troops sent as replacements for Allied Powers • France, Belgium, Italy, and Russia

  38. 1918 • Allies unite • 30,000 American sent to battle Germans on the “western front” • Second Battle of the Marne: beginning of German withdrawal • Germany surrenders on November 11, 1918

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