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Biodiversity: Who cares?

Biodiversity: Who cares?. B. A. Which do you like better?. Which do you like better?. B. A. Which do you like better?. A. B. What do you think biodiversity means?. Bio diversity. What does “ Bio ” mean?. Life. Bio =. Bio diversity. What does “ Diversity ” mean?.

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Biodiversity: Who cares?

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  1. Biodiversity: Who cares?

  2. B A Which do you like better?

  3. Which do you like better? B A

  4. Which do you like better? A B

  5. What do you think biodiversity means?

  6. Biodiversity What does “Bio” mean? Life Bio =

  7. Biodiversity What does “Diversity” mean? Diversity = Variety

  8. Biodiversity • ALL organisms in an area • More kinds of organisms = greater biodiversity • High biodiversity = healthy, sustainable environment • The essential interdependence of all living things

  9. Scientists have identified more than 2 million species. Tens of millions -- remain unknown • The tremendous variety of life on Earth is made possible by complex interactions among all living things including microscopic species like algae and mites.

  10. Natural Capital: Major Components of the Earth’s Biodiversity

  11. There are 4 components of biodiversity • Diversity of genesChihuahuas, beagles, and rottweilers are all dogs—but they're not the same because their genes are different. Beagle Chihuahua Rottweilers

  12. There are 3 components of biodiversity Diversity of speciesFor example, monkeys, dragonflies, and meadow beauties are all different species. Golden Skimmer Meadow Beauty Saki Monkey

  13. There are 3 components of biodiversity Variety of ecosystemsPrairies, Ponds, and tropical rain forests are all ecosystems. Each one is different, with its own set of species living in it. Paines Prairie Florida Sand hill Pond Hoh Rain Forest

  14. Components of biodiversity • Species diversity: the number and abundance of species • Ecosystem diversity: The variety of ecosystems found in a place or on earth • Functional diversity: variety in the processes and energy flow in an ecosystem • Genetic Diversity: Variety in traits/genes in a species

  15. Which has more cultural diversity? B A

  16. Biodiversity • Where is the biodiversity • Everywhere • Every continent and habitat has unique life forms • Concentrated in the tropics • Panama: > 500 species of breeding birds • Arctic: 50-100 species • Dense concentrations Biodiversity.ppt

  17. Which has more biodiversity? A B

  18. Should we be concerned about biodiversity? What we know:The Earth is losing species at an alarming rate • Some scientists estimate that as many as 3 species per hour are going extinct and 20,000 extinctions occur each year. • when species of plants and animals go extinct, many other species are affected.

  19. Biodiversity has Intrinsic Value Intrinsic Value = Something that has value in and of itself

  20. Biodiversity also has utilitarian Value Utilitarian Value = the value something has as a means to another’s end. • Utilitarian values include: • Goods • Services • Information

  21. Benefits of Biodiversity • Natural Resources • Food • Medicine • Clean water • Clean air • Oxygen • Habitat & breeding areas for wildlife, … • Aesthetic and cultural benefits • Ideas Biodiversity.ppt

  22. Natural Resources • Vital economic natural resources • Renewable • Forests (plants, wildlife) • Soils • Fresh water (lakes, rivers) • Wildlife and fisheries • Rangeland • Nonrenewable • Minerals • Fossil Fuels Biodiversity.ppt

  23. Benefits of Biodiversity • New food sources • Grains, fruits, vegetables, meat, fish Biodiversity.ppt

  24. Benefits of Biodiversity • Medicines • Plants • Jellyfish & sea anemones • Nudibranchs • Marine slugs Biodiversity.ppt

  25. What is Biodiversity? The variety of life! genes species ecosystems

  26. Threats to biodiversity Habitat destruction Invasive (Introduced) Species Population Growth Pollution Over-harvesting = Over exploitation ~HIPPO~

  27. Threats to Biodiversity • Extinction and population reductions • Hunting and overharvesting • Tiger • Dodo • Whales • Sharks • Habitat loss Biodiversity.ppt

  28. Threats to Biodiversity • Extinction and population reductions • Pollution • Climate change • Invasive species Biodiversity.ppt

  29. Chinese Tallow Tree Invasive Species in our area

  30. Sustainability • Definition: when a population of plants, animals and other living organisms can continue to interact and reproduce indefinitely… it is the capacity to endure

  31. The more links in a food web, the more stable and sustainableit is.

  32. What is sustainable use? • To use natural resources at a rate that the Earth can renew them.

  33. Threats to Sustainability The more organism that can fulfill a particular niche (energy role) in an ecosystem the more likely it is to sustain a threat. Choose 3 of the following threats to ecosystem sustainability and explain why this is true:

  34. Sustainable Use of Biodiversity • To use biodiversity in a sustainable manner means to use natural resources at a rate that the Earth can renew them. What kinds of natural resourcesare we talking about here?

  35. Biodiversity and Sustainability • The biodiversity of an ecosystem contributes to the sustainability of that ecosystem. • Higher/more biodiversity = more sustainable • Lower/less biodiversity = less sustainable • High biodiversity in an ecosystem means that there is a great variety of genes and species in that ecosystem.

  36. What is Biodiversity? The variety of life! genes species ecosystems

  37. Sustainable Use of Biodiversity • To use biodiversity in a sustainable manner means to use natural resources at a rate that the Earth can renew them. • It is a way to ensure that we meet the needs of present generations and future generations.

  38. Are we part of these ecosystems? Think food webs!!!!!!!!!!!!! YES!

  39. The more links in a food web, the more stable and sustainableit is.

  40. Protecting Biodiversity • How can we protect biodiversity • Stop overharvesting • Sustainable yield • Hunting & fishing laws (every state ?) • in developing nations ? • Protect habitat • Refuges, parks, preserves • Endangered Species Act • Clean Air & Water Act • Stop over grazing Biodiversity.ppt

  41. Protecting Biodiversity • Endangered Species Act (1973) • Listing of “endangered” and “threatened” species • Restricts development of habitats • Captive breeding programs • Release of captive bred stocks to enhance or recover wild populations. • http://www.fws.gov/endangered/ Biodiversity.ppt

  42. Protecting Biodiversity • Endangered Species Act (1973) • Goal to “recover” species so they no longer need protection under ESA • Implements U.S. participation in CITES • “Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species” • Prohibits trade in listed species • whole organisms • parts: skins, bones, teeth, flowers, leaves, etc. • Other laws: • Marine Mammal Protection Act • Migratory Bird Treaty Act • Anadromous Fish Conservation Act • etc. Biodiversity.ppt

  43. Protecting Biodiversity • Refuges, parks, preserves • How big should refuges be? • Where should they be? • McArthur & Wilson “Theory of Island Biogeography” • colonization rate • extinction rate (local) • predicts number of species Biodiversity.ppt

  44. Formative Assessment Examine the two food webs below. Make 3 claims about why one of the food webs below is less sustainable than the other. Support your claims with explanation as well as evidence from the food webs.

  45. What can you do? As a group brainstorm a list of things YOU can do to protect biodiversity!

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