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Situational Prevention of Child Sexual Abuse in the New Technologies

Overview. What is Situational Prevention?Situational Theory and Child Sexual Abuse (CSA)Implications for Internet Child Exploitation (ICE)The Way AheadConclusions . What is Situational Prevention?. Importance of person-situation interactionShift from distal to proximal causesPublic health mod

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Situational Prevention of Child Sexual Abuse in the New Technologies

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    1. Situational Prevention of Child Sexual Abuse in the New Technologies Richard Wortley Griffith University Brisbane, Australia

    2. Overview What is Situational Prevention? Situational Theory and Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) Implications for Internet Child Exploitation (ICE) The Way Ahead Conclusions

    3. What is Situational Prevention? Importance of person-situation interaction Shift from distal to proximal causes Public health model - primary/secondary prevention Search from crime hotspots Two kinds of interventions: Reducing ‘precipitators’ Reducing opportunities

    4. Situational Theory and CSA Smallbone and Wortley (2000, 2001) Late onset Low stranger abuse Low incidence of chronic offending Criminal versatility Low incidence of paraphilic interests Significance of non-treatment sample

    5. Situational Theory and CSA Control model of CSA What stops people from misbehaving? Potential to view children as sexual objects widespread CSA driven by vulnerability of children Offending may cause paedophilia rather than the reverse – offending changes offenders Predicting offending not the same as predicting recidivism

    6. Situational Theory and CSA Types of offenders Committed: stereotypic chronic preferential offenders Opportunistic: low self-control, sexually adaptable, criminally versatile Reactive: generally law-abiding, situationally-specific offending

    7. Implications for ICE ICE opportunity-driven Vast quantities Convenient, any time or place High quality, easily stored and manipulated Cheap (apparently) anonymous Demetriou & Silke (2003) Deindividuation Two types of immediate environment Physical Virtual

    8. Implications for ICE Physical Environment Lifestyle issues Patterns of use, triggers – time and place? Anonymity – e.g., location of computer Difficult to implement – implications for offenders in treatment, managing children

    9. Implications for ICE Virtual Environment Law enforcement ISPs Credit card companies Workplace rules Legislation Increasing perceived risks, making activity more difficult

    10. The Way Ahead Offending onset Modus operandi Perceptions of risk Relationship between online and hands-on offending Non- treatment and non-prisoner samples

    11. Conclusions Risky individuals versus risky environments Who will become and offender? Needle in a haystack Who will reoffend? Miniscule proportion of offenders arrested What makes the Internet a risky environment? ‘Biggest bang for the buck’

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