Erosional/Depositional Systems

1. Erosional/Depositional Systems Running Water/Streams

2. Running Water/Streams a. Carrying Power – How much material can the stream hold 1. Solution – dissolved particles 2. Suspension – carrying of fine sediments (they are suspended in water) 3. rolling, sliding or bouncing along the bottom >> Bedload

4. Velocity of a Stream = speed • The _________ the stream, the ______ it can carry • ESRT Page __ • When a stream slows down, it loses its carrying power and particles are deposited faster more 6

5. What’s the minimum speed water needs to be moving in order to transport sand? _________ In order to move a particle that is 7.0 cm, a stream’s velocity would need to be at least _________ cm/sec 0.3 cm/sec 200

6. Velocity is dependent on: Gradient (slope) increases, Velocity increases • i. Gradient - Direct relationship

7. ii. Discharge the amount of water

9. Velocity is dependent on: • ii. discharge As discharge increases, velocity ____________ increases _________ relationship Direct

10. Velocity is dependent on: • iii. Channel Shape • Meander = curve of stream or river • If a stream is meandering, then velocity is greatest on the outside • If stream is straight, velocity is greatest in the center just below surface (less friction)

11. Meandering Streams

12. Where is erosion greatest? Outside of Curve

13. Where does the river flow fastest? Center down from surface

14. Where is deposition greatest? Inside of Curve Mouth of River

15. Why? lowest velocity

16. iii. Channel Shape • Erosion on • Deposition on outside of the bend, greater velocity on the outside the inside, less velocity so particles are dropped

17. DENT = DEPOSITION ELBOW = EROSION

19. EROSION DEPOSITION

20. What happens to particle size? Why? Decreases

21. What happens to particle size? decreases, because the velocity decreases

22. What happens when a stream reaches a large body of water? High potential energy(top of hill) Mouth - where river enters ocean Low potential energy,low velocity Velocity __________ as distance from the mouth ________, ______ particles settle out first decreases increases Large

23. EROSIONAL EFFECTS • A. Particles become round and smooth due to ____________ • B. V-shaped Valleys Abrasion

24. c. Graded Bedding SmallParticles Slowest Velocity Fastest Velocity Big Particles

25. c. Graded bedding

26. Life Of A Stream NEW OLD MATURE

27. Life of a Stream Oxbow Lake - cut off from main flow

28. Oxbow Lakes

29. Watershed - Area of land drained by one stream Where river begins Streams that flow into rivers Deposits atmouth of river A flat land next to a river that is subject to flooding

31. 4,520 square miles of land area within New York State Chenango River (2,796 river/stream miles)

33. delta What is this?

34. large small

35. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=adlGxr7wovU