160 likes | 709 Views
Energy System responses to acute exercise. Energy systems : phosphocreatine; lactic acid; aerobic; energy continuum; energy requirements of different sport and exercise activities. ATP PC Lactic Acid Aerobic . Energy Systems & Exercise: The Basics.
E N D
Energy System responses to acute exercise Energy systems: phosphocreatine; lactic acid; aerobic; energy continuum; energy requirements of different sport and exercise activities ATP PC Lactic Acid Aerobic
Energy Systems & Exercise: The Basics 0 sec 4 sec 10 sec 1.5 min 3 min + ATP Strength – Power:power lift, shot put, golf swing ATP-PC (phosphagen) Sustained Power:sprints, fast breaks, football Lactic Acid/Anaerobic Glycolysis Anaerobic Power – Endurance:200-400 m dash, 100 m swim Aerobic System Aerobic Endurance:Beyond 800 m run Immediate/short-term Aerobic-oxidativenon-oxidative systems system
Fuel, Energy systems & Exercise • Anaerobic Energy System = Carbohydrates are the only fuel source • With prolonged exercise, Carbohydrates are the first fuel choice, as exercise continues, FAT becomes predominant : • As exercise intensity , energy supplied by Carbohydrates • As duration , energy supplied by fat • Protein is not a main fuel source except in an emergency : • As glycogen , energy supplied by protein • Each system plays an important role in energy production: • All energy systems are “on” at all times • This gives us a variety of movements • The systems interact to supply Energy for the activity
Fuel, Energy systems & Exercise As exercise gets harder, the % energy from oxidation of Carbohydrates goes UP sharply while the % energy from fat goes DOWN % energy from CHO 40 60 80 100 % energy from FAT 40 30 20 10 increasing intensity of exercise
Energy Systems on a Continuum! • ‘All energy systems are “on” at all times’ • All three energy systems contribute at the start of exercise but the contribution depends upon the individual, the effort applied or on the rate at which energy is used. • The following graph shows how the energy systems contribute to the manufacture of ATP over time when exercising at 100% effort. • The thresholds (T) indicate the point at which the energy system is exhausted - training will improve the thresholds times.
ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE (ATP) PHOSPHO- CREATINE (PCr) GLYCOLYSIS (ANAEROBIC; CHO BREAKDOWN) KREBS CYCLE (AEROBIC; CHO, FAT, AND PROTEIN BREAKDOWN) Energy Systems on a Continuum! Energy Systems working together: 100m SPRINT (10 seconds of maximal exercise)
ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE (ATP) PHOSPHO- CREATINE (PCr) GLYCOLYSIS (ANAEROBIC; CHO BREAKDOWN) KREBS CYCLE (AEROBIC; CHO, FAT, AND PROTEIN BREAKDOWN) Energy Systems on a Continuum! Energy Systems working together: 800 METER RUN (50 seconds)
Energy Systems on a Continuum! ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE (ATP) PHOSPHO- CREATINE (PCr) GLYCOLYSIS (ANAEROBIC; CHO BREAKDOWN) KREBS CYCLE (AEROBIC; CHO, FAT, AND PROTEIN BREAKDOWN) Energy Systems working together: MARATHON 2.5 hours of exercise
Energy System recruitment in Sport Table adapted from Fox E. L. et al, The Physiological Basis for Exercise and Sport, 1993