Report to the Session on “Small Islands” – Water Security: Leadership and Commitment–

1. Report to the Session on “Small Islands” –Water Security: Leadership and Commitment– ODA Hideaki Secretariat of 1st Asia-Pacific Water Summit Japan Water Forum

2. 1st Asia-Pacific Water Summit Asia-Pacific Water Forum（APWF） Japan Water Forum (JWF) Steering Committee Chair: Yoshiro Mori • Secretariat of APWF • Secretariat of 1st Asia-Pacific Water Summit Governing Council Chair: Tommy Koh Vice Chair: Erna Witoelar Ravi Narayana Structure of A-P Water Forum and Summit Very “Simple” and “Flexible” Body to facilitate its activities

3. Objectives of the Asia-Pacific Water Summit • To create the opportunity for the leaders of the region to recognize the significance of water issues for achieving MDGs WHY? • Water is not just the issue of one particular sector, such as environment, agriculture, industry or the aid issue. But it is the fundamental issue related to the human security and social and economic development of the nations. • Therefore, the strong leadership of the national leaders are essential.

4. History of APWF, namely of WWF and JWF

5. “Asia-Pacific Water Ministerial Meeting”in 4th World Water Forum (Mexico) About 160 ministers and representatives of int’l organizations attended and expressed the appreciation and support to the APWF. Concept of “APWF” & “APWS” was born in the preparatory process towards the 4th World Water Forum. And it is realized by all concerned-people in this Region.

6. Outline of the APWS • Title: 1st Asia-Pacific Water Summit • Theme: Water Security: Leadership and Commitment • Date: December 3rd and 4th, 2007 • Venue: B-Con Plaza (Beppu International Convention Center), Oita, Japan • Organizer: • Asia-Pacific Water Forum • Steering Committee of the 1st Asia-Pacific Water Summit

7. Outline: APWF’s Priority Themes

8. Outline: APWF’s Key Result Areas (KRA)

9. Guiding Principles • Empowering local authorities • Promoting partnership approaches • Providing resources for capacity development Policy Brief 2007

10. Discussion at 1st APWS: Program

11. Discussion at 1st APWS:Speeches by the Heads of government 2. Monday, December 3, 2007 15:10-16:40 H.E. Mr. Emanuel MoriPremier, Federated States of Micronesia H.E. Mr. Emomali RahmonPresident, Republic of Tajikistan H.E. Mr. Tommy Esang Remengesau JrPresident, Republic of Palau H.E. Mr. Anote TongPresident, Republic of Kiribati H.E. Mr. Ludwig ScottyPresident, Republic of Nauru Hon. Mr. Mititaiagimene Young Vivian Prime Minister, Niue Hon. Mr. Apisai IelemiaPrime Minister, Tuvalu H.E. Lyonpo Dr. Kinzang Dorji Prime Minister, Kingdom of Bhutan H.E. Mr. Dosbol Nur uluVice Prime Minister, Kyrgyz Republic

12. Discussion at 1st APWS:Speeches by the Heads of government 2. Monday, December 3, 2007 15:10-16:40 [The Central Asian countries : President of Republic of Tajikistan , Vice Prime Minister of Kyrgyz Republic] • Described how their countries economies were particularly vulnerable to water-related disasters • The need for a cooperative approach to solve water-related issues including those of the Aral Sea Basin • Increasing investment levels, particularly in rehabilitating their countries aging water infrastructure requires immediate attention [The Asia-Pacific small island : President of Republic of Kiribati, President of Republic of Palau, President of Republic of Nauru, Premier of Federated States of Micronesia, Prime Minister of Niue, Prime Minister of Tuvalu ] • Noting that water scarcity was an inherent challenge to low-lying islands, mainly because of their lack of river systems and vulnerable groundwater resources • Hoped that the Summit would mobilize an increased commitment to financial and technical support. • For several of these states, the real threat from projected sea level rise and increased cyclonic activity associated with climate change is a major concern to their lives and livelihoods. [Himalayan region: Prime Minister of Kingdom of Bhutan] • Described how climate change has led to rapidly receding glaciers, which in turn pose the threat of glacial lake bursts which leads to flash floods that affect human settlements in the downstream valleys.

13. Discussion at 1st APWS: Session 3. Tuesday, December 4, 2007 9:00-12:20 The Small Islands’ Dialogue on Water and Climate Session organizer: Pacific Islands Applied Geoscience Commission (SOPAC) & International Center for Water Hazard and Risk Management (ICHARM) [Program] • Video on “Islands and Climate Change” (introduced by President of Kiribati) • Panel Discussion (President of Kiribati, Minister of Works of Samoa, WHO, Executive Director of PWA, Director of ICHARM, Director of ISDR) [Summary] • Called attention to the vulnerability and particular needs of small island countries to effectively manage their water resources under a highly variable and changing climate • One of the main discussion points included the need to change the paradigm for dealing with the vulnerability of small island States from disaster response to disaster risk reduction and disaster management

14. Key Outcome Documents • Message from Beppu • Chair’s Summary • 1st APWS Recommendations (plan) • Final Report (plan) 1st Asia-Pacific Water Summit Asia-Pacific Water Forum（APWF） Japan Water Forum (JWF) Steering Committee Chair: Yoshiro Mori • APWF Secretariat • 1st Asia Pacific • Water Summit • Secretariat Governing Council Chair: Tommy Koh Vice Chair: Erna Witoelar Ravi Narayana APWF Policy Brief (Key Messages & Policy Recommendation)

15. 4. Key Outcome Documents: Message from Beppu • Message from Beppu • Drafted by Rapporteur as a results of the discussion during the Summit Announced by Rapporteur at Closing ceremony Agreed by Summit participants

16. Message from Beppu • Recognise the people’s right to safe drinking water and basic sanitation as a basic human right and a fundamental aspect of human security; • Reduce by half the number of people who do not have access to safe drinking water by 2015 and aim to reduce that number to zero by 2025; • Reduce by half number of people who do not have access to basic sanitation in our region by 2015 and aim to reduce that number to zero by 2025, through the adoption of new and innovative sanitation systems that are not as water reliant as current methods; message from Beppu

17. Message from Beppu • Accord the highest priority to water and sanitation in our economic and development plans and agendas and to increase substantially our allocation of resources to the water and sanitation sectors. • Improve governance, efficiency, transparency and equity in all aspects related to the management of water, particularly as it impacts on poor communities. • We recognise that while women are particularly vulnerable, they are also resilient and entrepreneurial, hence, should be empowered in all water-related activities. message from Beppu

18. Message from Beppu • Take urgent and effective action to prevent and reduce the risks of flood, drought and other water-related disasters and to bring timely relief and assistance to their victims; • Support the region’s vulnerable small island states in their efforts to protect lives and livelihoods from the impacts of climate change; • Exhort the Bali Conference to take into account the relationship between water and climate change, such as the melting of snowcaps and glaciers in the Himalayas and rising sea levels, which are already having an impact on some countries in the region; message from Beppu

19. 7. Others: Exhibition and Trial of bio-toilet • Duration: December 1 - 4 • Purpose: To raise awareness with regard to the importance of sanitation and hygiene among international society for the purpose of improving the situation of the 2.6 billion people who do not have access to basic sanitation in the World. • Organizer: Japan Toilet Association & Japan Water Forum • Cooperation: Mikasa Corporation