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The Development of Smart Cities in China

Learn about the concept, strategic orientation, and main features of the development of smart cities in China. Discover the different models and the public services offered in smart cities.

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The Development of Smart Cities in China

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  1. TheDevelopmentofSmartCitiesinChina 4thITU Green Standards Week Yu Xiaohui China Academy of Telecommunication Research, MIIT Sep 24, 2014

  2. 4thITU Green Standards Week TableofContents • TheDevelopmentofSmartCitiesinChina • TheConceptandStrategicOrientationoftheDevelopmentofSmartCitiesinChina • Severalissues

  3. 4thITU Green Standards Week • TheDevelopmentofSmartCitiesinChina • Over310citiesinChinaproposedtobuildsmartcities.ByJune,2014,219citieswereundertakingsmartcitiesprojects,involvingvariouslevelsofcitiesacrossChina. BuildingSmartCitiesinChina Source: CATR

  4. 4thITU Green Standards Week PilotSmartCitiesattheMinistrialLevel • Chineseministriesorganizedpilotsmartcities,classifiedintotwocategories: —TheWholeCityasaPilotProgramme —Pilotkeyapplicationsinacity:transport,tourism,andgeographic infomationserviceetc. • MinistryofTransport • NationalAdminofSurveying,Mapping&Geoinfo • NationalTourismAdmin • MOHURD • MOST • MIIT • Pilotareaof“smarturbantransport”in10cities(e.g.Chongqing) • Pilotareaof“smartgeoinfocloudplatform”in10cities • Selectionof18and15citiesfor“nationalpilotcitiesofsmarttourism” • Twogroupsofpilotsmartcities(193citiesintotal) • TheFirstGroup(20cities) • 863ProgrammeforSmartCities • Pilot:Changzhou,Yangzhou • 15EU-ChinaSmartCitiesPartnership

  5. 4thITU Green Standards Week FeaturesoftheDevelopmentofSmartCitiesinChina Main Features • Smart city as the comprehensive strategy to lead urban development • An all-inclusive development of application, infrastructure, and industries • A large-scale, competitive city with advanced ICT industry and application Comprehensivemodel DifferentModels MainFeatures • Emphasisonlocalcharacteristics • Learningbestpractices • Stressingapplicationandinfrastructure • Industrialdevelopment • Small&mediumcities MainFeatures SpecializedModel Catch-up Model • Emphasisongeographicalstrengths • Strength-orientedapplication • Boostinglocalstapleindustries • DevelopedcitiesinEasternChina

  6. 4thITU Green Standards Week FeaturesoftheDevelopmentofSmartCitiesinChina 以人为本，以绿色低碳、便民惠民服务作为智慧城市出发点 People-oriented smart city starts from low-carbon, green development and to provide convenient service to the people. 发达城市更加注重统筹和顶层设计 Leading cities with high strategic attention to comprehensive and top-level design. 新城和新区以智慧城市发展引领，高起点建设 To offer high-level construction of new cities and districts in accordance with smart city projects. 中西部和欠发达地区智慧城市加速，推动城市跨越式发展 To accelerate the building of smart cities in mid- to western, and underdeveloped regions in China by leaps and bounds. 形成智慧城市群落，以城市群形态协同发展 To enable a smart city community take shape, with a coordinated development in the form of city-consortiums.

  7. 4thITU Green Standards Week PublicServicesinSmartCities Smartpublicservices Social security Job&employment Onlinepublic service Healthcare education OldCare • Governmentinformation • Government service • Infosharing • Servicecoordination • E-healtharchives • E-record • telemedicare • Onlineeducation • Resourcessharing • Ongoingeducation • Jobinfoservice • Household-community-specialagencyoldcaresinone • Social Securitycard • Pensionschemeinter-citytransfer • Healthinsurancetransfer&settlement

  8. 4thITU Green Standards Week PublicServicesinSmartCities Government-provided APP: Suzhou Weather Healthinsurancetransfer&instantsettlementamong6citiesof3provinces • Weather GPS to towns and streets • 1-7 days of weather forecast • PopulationandfluidityarechallengesfacinghealthinsurancetransferinChina • Healthinsuranceagenciesin6provincialcapitalcities(Nanchang,Guangzhou,Fuzhou,Changsha,Nanning,andChengdu)and3provinces(Hunan,HainanandYunnan) • CooperationFrameworkAgreementonHealthcareandInsuranceTransferinSeveralProvincesandProvincialCapitalCitiesinthePearlRiverDeltaRegion,coveringover100mpeople

  9. 4thITU Green Standards Week PublicServicesinSmartCities-mHealth • Wireless Heart Health program：The program deploys a 3G-enabled cardiovascular screening and monitoring system, developed by Life Care Networks, to resource-scarce community health clinics in Shandong, Anhui, and Sichuan provinces, as well as the Chongqing municipality , since the program was implemented in July 2011, • 96 community doctors are using the system • 11,012 patients in four Community Health Clinics have benefitted from Wireless Heart Health • Out of all of the patient participants, 1,171 have been screened for serious cardiovascular conditions and referred to higher-level clinics for further evaluation and testing.

  10. Transport 4thITU Green Standards Week Water Power Gas Police AnElaborateManagementofCities— City Operation Management Center SmartSchedulingCentreforComprehensiveCityOperation （城市统一的运行智慧调度中心） Water networks power Gas Publicsecurity transport …… • SmartNanjingOperationManagementCentre • Theinfosharingplatformhasaccessto42municipaldepartmentsand13district-andcounty-levelgovernments • Supportingover390inter-departmentalservicesharingandcoordinationacrossvariouslevels,withadailyswitchvolumeof5Mand10categoriesofdatacollection • Bigdataanalysistosupportcitygovernance

  11. 4thITU Green Standards Week AnElaborateManagementofCities— Smart WaterManagement • UrbanwatermanagementisoneofthemajorchallengesfacingChineseurbanisation. • WatermanagementinChengdu:tobuildasystemtomonitortheoperationofwatersupplypipelinenetworksandbigusers,toschedulewatersupplyforproduction,tomanagementandmonitorsewage,andtomonitorwaterquality,thusachievinganauto-monitoringandschedulingofwaterresources,environmentandsafetyissues. （基于地理信息系统的供水管网运行管理和大用户监控系统、供水生产调度系统、排水监控管理系统和水资源监测管理系统） • —Water quality monitoring station, frequency: one test every 15 min(水质监测站，频率15分钟/次) • —Sewage monitoring at 51 points in central town(中心城区51个点位布排水监控) • —Eearly warning and forecast for water quality and internal flood(为水质污染、内涝预报预警)

  12. 4thITU Green Standards Week Smart infrastructure- underground pipelines increasing complexity of underground pipelines 30 types/7000km 7 types/2000km 1990年 2010年 Taiyuan: the Earth-Eye Engineering Project • maintain sensors deployed underneath • developing 3D underground pipeline system • a visualised and humane management style

  13. 4thITU Green Standards Week Smart infrastructure-Smart transport management SmarttransportsysinBeijing Real-timemonitoringof Railtransport Real-timemonitoringofroadtraffic Trafficinextremeweatherconditions Comprehensivemonitoringandalert,trafficinfluenceanalysis,emergencyresourcesmanagementandscheduling,coordinatedactionsacrossdepartments Incaseof9trafficcircumstances(accidents,jam,andwateronroadsurface),thesystemwillautomaticallyrecordthewholeeventandreporttothepolice Trafficmonitoringsensorsplacedat34exchangetunnelsin12exchangestations

  14. 4thITU Green Standards Week SmartCityandOpenData • Beijing：269categoriesof360,000originaldataitemspublishedby35departments,pluspolicydocumentsinseveralareas • OriginaldataforWPS,CSVandSHAPEdownload,andonlineuseofAPI • Shanghai: 209 data products, 19 data app, 11 social app,and22geographic informationclusterspublishedby9departmentsand6enterprisesandagencies

  15. 4thITU Green Standards Week TableofContents • TheDevelopmentofSmartCitiesinChina • TheConceptandStrategicOrientationoftheDevelopmentofSmartCitiesinChina • SeveralIssues

  16. 4thITU Green Standards Week Urbanisation in China In 2011, urbanisation in China passes the critical point of 50%, indicating a period of strategic transition for China.In 2013, urbanisation in China achieved 53.7% An Annual Increase of 1.39% on Average in the past decade

  17. 4thITU Green Standards Week ChallengesfacingChineseurbanisation 水、土地、能源短缺 water, land, energy scarcity 资源利用Reources consumption 城市交通拥堵 Traffic jam 空气污染 Air pollution 生态环境 Eco-environment 可持续发展 政府治理效能 Governance Text 产业经济发展 Industrial economic development Text 民生服务质量 public service Text 公共服务体系不健全 Insufficient public service 产业发展模式粗放 Inefficientindustrialdevelopment

  18. 4thITU Green Standards Week Guidelines for the Development of Smart Cities Smartcitycarriesnewideasandmodelsforenablingurbaninnovationandsustainabledevelopmentbyusingsuchnext-generationICTasIoT,cloudcomputing,bigdata,geographic informationintegrationtobuildasmartmanagementandservicesystemforcitygovernance. 信息安全 有效保障 Cyber security 生态环境 更加宜居 More liveable ecological environment 产业体系 更加优化 More optimised industrial system 社会治理 更加精细 More elaborate social governance 公共服务更加便捷 More accessible public service 基础设施 更加智能 Smarter infrastructure

  19. 4thITU Green Standards Week Principles for the Development of Smart City People- oriented：To promote human development and improve the quality of life of the people as the fundamental purpose, with its cores on healthcare, education, social security, food and urban safety Green & low-carbon：carbon emission reduction, for harmony between city and natural environment, with smart and elaboratemanagement of energy, transport, environment, and public security in city governance Inclusiveness：Smart city for all, with opportunities for citizens, enterprises, and social entities, with public services in favor of the Vulnerable groups. Open & sharing：resources sharing, system interconnection, and intensive use of resources, so as to improve efficiency of resource use and the promotion of social development and utilization of government and public data Innovation：New model on investment, construction, operation, business, and management, to enable government, market and society to play complementary roles

  20. 4thITU Green Standards Week ICT Progress to Boost the Development of Smart Cities There is an integration, comprehensive application and convergent development of such new technologies and new models in urban areas as broadband, IoT, mobile interconnection, cloud computing and big data in China. Smart city Mobile Broaband Cloud Computing Big Data IoT Smart terminals

  21. 4thITU Green Standards Week TheExpectationsonthedevelopmentofsmartcitiesbytheChineseGovernment NationalPlanningonNewUrbanisation（2014-2020） FurtheringSmartCityProgrammes —Comprehensiveuseofmaterial,informationandintellectualresourcesneededforurbandevelopment;furtherinnovativeapplicationofsuchnext-generationICTasIoT,cloudcomputing,andbigdata;andin-depthintegrationofurbaneconomicandsocialdevelopment —Enhancingsuchinformation infrastructure —Furthergovernmentinfo-sharingandservicecoordinationacrossdepartments,sectorsandregions;greatersocialiseduseofinforesources;moresmartinfoapplicationandservices;andenablingdigitalisedcitygovernance,smartinfrastructure,convenientpublicservice,modernisedindustries,andelaboratemanagementofthesociety(城市规划管理信息化、基础设施智能化、公共服务便捷化、产业发展现代化、社会治理精细化). —Enhancingthesafetyassurancecapabilityofurbankeyinfosystemsandinforesources.

  22. 4thITU Green Standards Week International Cooperation on Smart City in China EU-ChinaCooperationonGreenSmartCities Sino-SingaporeCooperationonSmartCity • UndertheEU-China ICTDialogue,theMIITandDirectorate-General for Communication Networks, Content and TechnologyattheEuropeanCommissionco-decided. • 15pilotcitiesinChinaandtheEU • Publishingwhitepaper and reportonEU-Chinasmart city comparativestudies,andCommon Statements on EU-ChinaGreenSmartCityCooperation • KnowledgeCityinGuangzhou • IndustrialParkofSuzhou • Eco-CityinTianjin Progressinprovidingsmartpublicservices(e.g.smartgrid,energymanagement)

  23. 4thITU Green Standards Week DifferencesintheDevelopmentofSmartCitiesbetweenChinaandtheEU —Morefundamentally,thereasonisthedifferentstageofdevelopment,whereChinafacestheopportunitiesandchallengesofdigitalisationbeforeitscompletionofurbanisationandindustrialisation.Citiesfaceseriousissuesincitygovernance,socialmanagement,publicservices,infrastructureandenvironmentalprotection.

  24. 4thITU Green Standards Week DifferencesintheDevelopmentofSmartCitiesbetweenChinaandtheEU

  25. 4thITU Green Standards Week FutureDevelopmentofSmartCitiesinChina Next-generationICT Smartindustry Modernservicesector Industrialupgrade Smartmanufacturing Smartlogistics IoT Cloudcomputing E-commerce Bigdata Infoservice Manufacturing-relatedservice Leanagriculture Governance Publicservices Citymanagement,operationandpublicservices City operation Smartgovt Smartmedicare Smarttransport Safecity Underground pipelines Smartedu Urbanemergency Smart community Smartgrid Smart social security Smartwater Eco-environment Multi-systemintegration,interconnectionandbigdata Urban info database Industrialinfodatabase Urban decision control centre Cloud computing platform /supercomputationcentre Broadband public network High-speedinterconnectivity Private Network RFID/ QR codes sensing Smart Device Sensors rks GPS/RTLS

  26. 4thITU Green Standards Week Info Infrastructure in Smart City Application infrastructure：Data center, cloud computing infrastructure Information infrastructure for smart city Network facilities：Internet, Mobile network, Broadcasting networks etc Physical facilities：rooms, pipes, poles, base stations etc. Sensory facilities：info terminals and IoT sensors Broadband, sensory facilities, and cloud computing center are the key areas for development

  27. 4thITU Green Standards Week TableofContents • TheDevelopmentofSmartCitiesinChina • TheConceptandStrategicOrientationoftheDevelopmentofSmartCitiesinChina • SeveralIssues

  28. 4thITU Green Standards Week DevelopmentModels of Smart City Thedevelopmentofsmartcityhasitsdifficultynotintechnology,butinthedevelopmentmodel. Citiesshoulddecidekeyareasanddevelopmentmodelsaccordingtolocalfeatures,designtheirownstrategies,goals,andgeneralframework,andofferapowerfultop-leveldesignofsmartcities.

  29. 4thITU Green Standards Week Resources sharing and service coordination Smart city requires an improvement of resources sharing, and an enhancement of intensive comprehensive planning, where resources-sharing system and exchange platform can be used as carrier to promote socialised sharing and service coordination of info resources. 1. Enabling resources-sharing 2. Intensification of info sys • Transferring govt IT sys to cloud services • To build a unified government cloud facility for intensive, efficient governance Unified smart city datacentre Info resources sharing & exchange platform Regulation & standard on info resources-sharing Inventory sys of urban info resources Four basic & special databases 3.Open data

  30. 4thITU Green Standards Week Innovation on operation Public finance Self-funded operation（govt/enterprises） Traditional model 1 Investment & fundraising Self-owned capital • To build a smart city is capital-consuming, where government funding is not enough EPC Natl & intl loans Self-operating Contracting out Funds via security market Outsourcing 2 Projects arrangements • To solve the issueofprojectsubjects and themechanism for building projects PPP Innovative model BOT（BT/BOO/BOOT） Franchiseoperation Agentconstructionmodel 3 Projects operation crowdsourcing • Tosolvetheissueofprojectsubjectsandtoestablishalong-termoperationmechanism TraditionalmodelisstilltheleadingmodelforbuildingsmartcityinChina.Nevertheless,insomeareas,therehavebeenexperimentsonsuchnewmodelsasoutsourcingandBOT.

  31. 4thITU Green Standards Week Standardization of Smart CitiesSystem Set up “National Smart Cities Standardization Coordination Group” in 2014 • Smart City Framework and Technology Requirement • Smart City Evaluation • Smart City Public Support Platform • Smart City Interoperability Requirement • Smart City Network and Security

  32. 4thITU Green Standards Week AssessmentofSmartCities Local Level Some cities try to design the assessment indicator in China • shanghai pudong: 37 indicators in 6 dimensions • jiangsuningbo: 54 indicators • shenzhenqianhai: 43 indicators National Level Assessment system of smart city in China • Part 1 ICT infrastructure • Part 2 Information application and service • Part 3 Construction management

  33. 4thITU Green Standards Week Thank you

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