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Italian Unification . Unit 4/Ch. 22 – Nationalism AP European History UHS – Ms. Tully. The Struggle of Unification. Italy just a geographic term Reorganized after Congress of Vienna Risorgimento & Giuseppe Mazzini Revolutions of 1848 Papacy opposed unification
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Italian Unification Unit 4/Ch. 22 – Nationalism AP European History UHS – Ms. Tully
The Struggle of Unification • Italy just a geographic term • Reorganized after Congress of Vienna • Risorgimento & Giuseppe Mazzini • Revolutions of 1848 • Papacy opposed unification • Austrian dominant power on peninsula • Piedmont-Sardinia now leader of unification movement
The Leadership of Cavour • Count Camillodi Cavour named prime minister of P-S in 1852 • Pursued policy of economic expansion in P-S • Realized that Italian unification dependent on expelling Austria • Needed powerful ally to defeat Austria Napoleon III • Provoked Austria into war in 1859 • Napoleon III nervous betrays Cavour • Nationalist uprisings in Parma, Modena, Tuscany, Romagna
The Efforts of Garibaldi • Super-patriot/Embodiment of Romantic Nationalism Giuseppe Garibaldi • The “Red Shirts” • Sicilian revolt against Bourbon king Red Shirts to the rescue! • Crossed to mainland in Aug. 1860 victorious march up peninsula • Cavour nervous – attack on Rome might provoke France • Garibaldi conceded – supported Cavour to achieve larger goal of unification • Italian unification = March 1861 • Unified, but conservative