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Chapter 8: The Baroque (1600-1750)

Chapter 8: The Baroque (1600-1750) Objectives Study the development of the forms and methods of creativity as revealed in specific works of art and music from 1600 through 1775.

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Chapter 8: The Baroque (1600-1750)

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  1. Chapter 8: The Baroque(1600-1750) Dr. Kirk Weller/Intro to the Arts/ Fall 2004

  2. Objectives • Study the development of the forms and methods of creativity as revealed in specific works of art and music from 1600 through 1775. • Explore the continuing development of perspective in art and tonality in music, which were fully achieved during these periods. • Examine the ways drama and motion permeate all the arts in the Baroque and Rococo periods. • Recognize the Rococo as the final expression of the Baroque. Dr. Kirk Weller/Intro to the Arts/ Fall 2004

  3. Visual Arts • Artists of note - • Tintoretto (1518-1894) • El Greco (1541-1614) • Peter Paul Rubens (1577-1640) • Clara Peeters (1594-1676) • Gianlorenzo Bernini (1598-1680) • Diego Velásquez (1599-1660) • Rembrandt van Rijn (1606-1669) Dr. Kirk Weller/Intro to the Arts/ Fall 2004

  4. Music • Musicians of note - • Giovanni Gabrieli (c. 1555-1612) • Claudio Montiverdi (1567-1643) • First public opera house opens in Venice (1637) • Antonius Stradivarius (1644-1737) • Arcangelo Corelli (1653-1713) • Henry Purcell (1659-1695) • Antonio Vivaldi (c. 1678-1741) Dr. Kirk Weller/Intro to the Arts/ Fall 2004

  5. Music • Musicians of note (cont.)- • First German public opera house opens in Hamburg (1678) • Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750) • George Frederic Handel (1685-1759) • Domenico Scarlatti (1685-1757) • Cristofori builds the first pianoforte (1709) • First New York performance of Messiah (1742) Dr. Kirk Weller/Intro to the Arts/ Fall 2004

  6. Historical Figures & Events • William Shakespeare (1561-1626) • Galileo Galilei (1564-1642) • René Descartes (1596-1650) • Galilei discovers law of falling bodies (1602) • Macbeth written by Shakespeare (1606) • Pilgrims landed at Plymouth (1620) • Isaac Newton (1642-1727) • Propounds Law of Gravity (1672) • Peter (The Great), Tsar of Russia (1682-1725) • Reign of Louis XV (1715-1774) • Methodist church founded by John Wesley (1738) Dr. Kirk Weller/Intro to the Arts/ Fall 2004

  7. The Spirit of the Baroque • An age of systematic pursuit in intellectual, spiritual, technological, and artistic activity - the beginning of the scientific method of inquiry • The separation of the State & the Catholic church • Center of wealth shifts from southern Europe to northern Europe • Middle class of wealthy merchants builds into patrons of the arts • Church is the impetus for great works of art as the source of personal religious experience Dr. Kirk Weller/Intro to the Arts/ Fall 2004

  8. Patronage • The Church still patronized the arts • Artisis made artworks of religious subjects personal and meaningful experiences to the beholder, not merely symbolic and beautiful scenes • Middle class becoming more and more patrons of the arts • Everyday activities became suitable subjects which artists could use to appeal to the emotions of the common people Dr. Kirk Weller/Intro to the Arts/ Fall 2004

  9. Painting • Baroque painters use the elements of art differently than had their predecessors • Monochromatic color, with variations in the saturation and value of that one color • The vitality of Baroque painting was shown in open form, with action implied beyond the visual limits of the canvas Dr. Kirk Weller/Intro to the Arts/ Fall 2004

  10. Painting • Tintoretto • Last Supper, colorplate 33 • One of the last great Italian painters • Rembrandt • Dr. Tulp’s Anatomy Lesson, colorplate 34 • Chiaroscuro - a term applied to the treatment of light and shade in painting or drawing • The Night Watch, colorplate 35 • The use of balance, light, color and light is distinctive • The Descent from the Cross, colorplate 36 • Uses light & shade as unifying agents, but as a means of intensifying the powerful emotional content of the painting Dr. Kirk Weller/Intro to the Arts/ Fall 2004

  11. Painting • Rubens • Rape of the Daughters of Leucippus, colorplate 37 • The essence of physical exuberance and sensual flesh • The Assumption of the Virgin, colorplate 38 • Velásquez • Lived and worked in Spain - not as much bold ornamentation and action of the Baroque • Maids of Honor, colorplate 39 Dr. Kirk Weller/Intro to the Arts/ Fall 2004

  12. Sculpture • Gianlorenzo Bernini • David, (fig. 8.4, p.184) • A Jesuit, Bernini’s works show personal religious expressiveness • Contrast this “David” with Michangelo (fig. 7.4) and Donatello (fig. 7.3) • Ecstasy of St. Thresa, (fig. 8.5, p.185) • The Baroque spirit of intense emotional ecstasy and imagination is expressed in this work • There is a feeling of movement and the impression of infinite space Dr. Kirk Weller/Intro to the Arts/ Fall 2004

  13. Next Time Continue Ch. 8 Dr. Kirk Weller/Intro to the Arts/ Fall 2004

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