The Life and Ministry of

1. The Life and Ministry of Peter

2. Who were Jesus’ 12 Disciples? Jesus Begins His Ministry • After being baptized by John the Baptist and spending 40 days in the wilderness, Jesus started teaching and many people started following him. • After a night of prayer and meditation, Jesus chose twelve men out of all those who were following him.

3. Who were Jesus’ 12 Disciples? [Jesus] called his twelve disciples to him and gave them authority to drive out evil spirits and to heal every disease and sickness. These are the names of the twelve apostles: first, Simon (who is called Peter) and his brother Andrew; James son of Zebedee, and his brother John; Philip and Bartholomew; Thomas and Matthew the tax collector; James son of Alphaeus, and Thaddaeus; Simon the Zealot and Judas Iscariot, who betrayed him. –Matthew 10:1-4

4. Peter James John Andrew Philip Bartholomew Matthew Thomas James Thaddaeus Simon Judas Iscariot

5. Who were Jesus’ 12 Disciples? The Purpose and Mission of Jesus’ Disciples • These twelve men would be Jesus’ main followers. • These disciples were selected to let the world know of God’s love, and that God sent Jesus to redeem the world. (John 17:23) • These are the twelve men who, for the most part, would prove to be friends and followers of Jesus.

6. Who were Jesus’ 12 Disciples? The Purpose and Mission of Jesus’ Disciples • Their instruction and conversations would become the teachings, knowledge, and instruction for the church that would later grow and spread. • Jesus knew their personalities, strengths and weaknesses. • Jesus knew that these twelve would sometimes disappoint him, desert him, deny him, and betray him.

7. Who were Jesus’ 12 Disciples? The Purpose and Mission of Jesus’ Disciples • Jesus knew that these twelve, once filled with the Holy Spirit, would be the first witnesses of the Gospel, carrying God’s message of redemption to Judea, Samaria, and the ends of the earth. • The twelve tribes of Israel were blessed in order to be a blessing to all nations. In a similar way, these twelve men, along with all followers of Jesus, were to bless all nations. (Galatians 3:8)

8. Who were Jesus’ 12 Disciples? The Backgrounds of Jesus’ Disciples • The disciples were from the Galilee region except for Judas Iscariot who was from Judea. • Their occupations ranged from fishermen to tax collectors and revolutionaries. • Some were married. (Mark 1:29-31; 1 Cor. 9:3-6) • Some were well-versed in Scripture. (John 1:46)

9. Peter Main Menu

10. Encounters with Jesus Peter was called to be a fisher of men. Left everything to follow Jesus. (Mathew 4:19; Luke 5:11) Peter’s given name, Simon, was changed by Jesus. Simon (Peter) said Jesus is the Christ, Son of the living God. Jesus named him Peter (rock) and said, “on this rock I will build my church, and the gates of Hades will not overcome it.” (Matthew 16:16-19; John 1:42-44) Was reprimanded because he refused to accept that Jesus had to die. (Matthew 16:23) Peter Simon, son of Jonah Cephas (“rock” or stone)

11. Peter Simon, son of Jonah Cephas (“rock” or stone) The Transfiguration Sanzio Raffaello (1518-1520) Encounters with Jesus • Witnessed Jesus’ Transfiguration (where Jesus was shown to be God). (Mark 9:2-4)

12. Peter Simon, son of Jonah Cephas (“rock” or stone) • Encounters with Jesus • Was sent to prepare the upper room for the Last Supper. (Luke 22:8) • Jesus accurately predicted that Peter would deny knowing him three times. (Luke 22:31-34) • Peter is one of the three disciples in the core group of disciples. • Was with Jesus in the Garden of Gethsemane. (Matthew 26:37-39)

13. Peter Simon, son of Jonah Cephas (“rock” or stone) St. Peter, Georges de La Tour (1615-20) • Encounters with Jesus • When Jesus appeared to the disciples beside the Sea of Galilee following his resurrection, he tested Peter’s loyalty by asking Peter if he loved him. • After testing Peter, Jesus instructed him to “feed his sheep.” (John 21:17-19)

14. Peter Simon, son of Jonah Cephas (“rock” or stone) • General Information • Son of John and born in Bethsaida. (John 1:42-44) • Lived in Capernaum. (Matthew 8:5-7, 14) • Fisherman. (Matthew 4:18) • Brother of Andrew. (Matthew 4:18) • Partner with James and John. (Luke 5:10)

15. General Information Married. (Matthew 8:14) One of the pillars of the Jerusalem church. (Galatians 2:9) Boldly preached, healed, and ministered to Jews and Gentiles after Pentecost. (Acts 2:38; 3:6, 7) Peter Simon, son of Jonah Cephas (“rock” or stone) St. Peter, Pierre Etienne Monnot (1708-1713)

16. General Information Imprisoned by Herod for preaching; was rescued by an angel of the Lord. (Acts 12:4, 7) Called to be an apostle to the Jews. (Galatians 2:8) Wrote 1 and 2 Peter. Peter Simon, son of Jonah Cephas (“rock” or stone) The Liberation of St. Peter Hendrick van Steenwyck (1619)

17. Personality and Character Impulsive, yet cowardly. (Matthew 14:28-30; 26:69, 70) Hot tempered (John 18:10), yet tenderhearted. (Matthew 26:75) Insightful (Matthew 16:16), yet ignorant. (Matthew 16:21-23) Courageous and solid after Pentecost (Acts 5:28-30), yet was hypocritical. (Galatians 2:11-13) Peter Simon, son of Jonah Cephas (“rock” or stone) Apostle St. Peter El Greco (1610-1614)

18. Key Lesson Peter denied knowing Jesus three times. (Matthew 26:69, 70) After Jesus rose from the dead, three times he asked Peter if he loved him. Jesus forgave Peter and commissioned him to “feed his sheep.”(John 21:17-19) After Pentecost, Peter becomes a bold preacher and leader, who no longer feared death. Peter Simon, son of Jonah Cephas (“rock” or stone)

19. Peter Simon, son of Jonah Cephas (“rock” or stone) The Denial of St. Peter Caravaggio (1610) Key Lesson God can forgive sins and strengthen the faith of those who love him.

20. Other Stories About Peter Peter Simon, son of Jonah Cephas (“rock” or stone) • Rome Asia Minor Syria Judea Some say Peter later ministered to Judea, Syria, Asia Minor, and Rome.

21. Peter Simon, son of Jonah Cephas (“rock” or stone) St. Mark, Niccolò Di Pietro Lamberti (1410-1412) Other Stories About Peter • Papias (second-century Christian) recorded that Mark served as Peter’s scribe and wrote the Gospel of Mark based on Peter’s testimony.

22. Peter Simon, son of Jonah Cephas (“rock” or stone) The Crucifixion of Saint Peter, Caravaggio (1600) Nero Other Stories About Peter • According to some stories, Peter asked to be crucified upside down. • Peter may have been crucified during the reign of Nero in Rome.

23. Peter Simon, son of Jonah Cephas (“rock” or stone) Saint Peter Holding the Keys to the Church, Jacob Adriaensz (1608-1651) Other Stories About Peter • Symbols for Peter are keys, representing the keys to the kingdom of heaven. (Matthew 16:19)

24. Being a Disciple of Christ

25. Being a Disciple of Christ • Beginning the Journey: Count the Cost • Jesus said that whoever wants to follow him must deny himself and take up his cross. He said that if one wants to save his life he will lose it, but if he loses his life for Jesus and for the gospel, he will save it.(Mark 8:34, 35) • When Simon Peter, James and John encountered Jesus, they pulled their boats up on shore, left everything and followed him.(Luke 5:11)

26. Being a Disciple of Christ • Following Christ Together: Fellowship • Jesus prayed that his followers would be brought to complete unity. (John 17:23) • The followers of Jesus were not to give up meeting together and were to encourage one another. (Hebrews 10:25)

27. Being a Disciple of Christ • Serving Christ and Others • Jesus said that whoever wants to become great among his disciples must be a servant, just as Jesus himself did not come to be served, but to serve, and “to give his life a ransom for many.” (Matthew 20:26-28)

28. Being a Disciple of Christ • Failures and Forgiveness • When Jesus was arrested, all the disciples deserted him and fled; and Peter denied knowing him because he feared for his life. (Matthew 26:56; Mark 14:71, 72) • Later Jesus said that the disciples would receive power when the Holy Spirit came to them and that they would share the good news in Jerusalem, and in all Judea and Samaria, and all over the earth. (Acts 1:8)

29. The End

30. John 1:42-44 42And he brought him to Jesus. Jesus looked at him and said, “You are Simon son of John. You will be called Cephas” (which, when translated, is Peter). 43The next day Jesus decided to leave for Galilee. Finding Philip, he said to him, “Follow me.” 44Philip, like Andrew and Peter, was from the town of Bethsaida. Back

31. Matthew 8:5-7, 14 5 When Jesus had entered Capernaum, a centurion came to him, asking for help. 6“Lord,” he said, “my servant lies at home paralyzed and in terrible suffering.” 7Jesus said to him, “I will go and heal him.” 14When Jesus came into Peter’s house, he saw Peter’s mother-in-law lying in bed with a fever. Back

32. Matthew 4:18-20 18 As Jesus was walking beside the Sea of Galilee, he saw two brothers, Simon called Peter and his brother Andrew. They were casting a net into the lake, for they were fishermen. 19 “Come, follow me,” Jesus said, “and I will make you fishers of men.” 20 At once they left their nets and followed him. Back

33. Luke 5:8-11 8When Simon Peter saw this, he fell at Jesus’ knees and said, “Go away from me, Lord; I am a sinful man!” 9For he and all his companions were astonished at the catch of fish they had taken, 10and so were James and John, the sons of Zebedee, Simon’s partners. Then Jesus said to Simon, “Don’t be afraid; from now on you will catch men.” 11So they pulled their boats up on shore, left everything and followed him. Back

34. Matthew 4:21, 22 21Going on from there, he saw two other brothers, James son of Zebedee and his brother John. They were in a boat with their father Zebedee, preparing their nets. Jesus called them, 22and immediately they left the boat and their father and followed him. Back

35. Galatians 2:8, 9 8For God, who was at work in the ministry of Peter as an apostle to the Jews, was also at work in my ministry as an apostle to the Gentiles. 9 James, Peter and John, those reputed to be pillars, gave me and Barnabas the right hand of fellowship when they recognized the grace given to me. They agreed that we should go to the Gentiles, and they to the Jews. Back

36. Acts 2:38; 3:6, 7 2:38 Peter replied, “Repent and be baptized, every one of you, in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins. And you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit.” 3:6 Then Peter said, “Silver or gold I do not have, but what I have I give you. In the name of Jesus Christ of Nazareth, walk.” 3:7Taking him by the right hand, he helped him up, and instantly the man’s feet and ankles became strong. Back

37. Acts 12:4, 7 4After arresting him, he [Herod] put him in prison, handing him over to be guarded by four squads of four soldiers each. 7Suddenly an angel of the Lord appeared and a light shone in the cell. He struck Peter on the side and woke him up. “Quick, get up!” he said, and the chains fell off Peter’s wrists. Back

38. Matthew 14:28-30 28“Lord, if it’s you,” Peter replied, “tell me to come to you on the water.” 29“Come,” he said. Then Peter got down out of the boat, walked on the water and came toward Jesus. 30But when he saw the wind, he was afraid and, beginning to sink, cried out, “Lord, save me!” Back

39. Matthew 26:69, 70 69 Now Peter was sitting out in the courtyard, and a servant girl came to him. “You also were with Jesus of Galilee,” she said. 70 But he denied it before them all. “I don’t know what you’re talking about,” he said. Back

40. John 18:10 10Then Simon Peter, who had a sword, drew it and struck the high priest’s servant, cutting off his right ear. (The servant’s name was Malchus.) Back

41. Matthew 26:74, 75 74 Then he began to call down curses on himself and he swore to them, “I don’t know the man!” Immediately a rooster crowed. 75Then Peter remembered the word Jesus had spoken: “Before the rooster crows, you will disown me three times.” And he went outside and wept bitterly. Back

42. Matthew 16:16-19a 16Simon Peter answered, “You are the Christ, the Son of the living God.” 17Jesus replied, “Blessed are you, Simon son of Jonah, for this was not revealed to you by man, but by my Father in heaven.” 18And I tell you that you are Peter, and on this rock I will build my church, and the gates of Hades will not overcome it. 19I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven. Back

43. Matthew 16:21-23 21 From that time on Jesus began to explain to his disciples that he must go to Jerusalem and suffer many things at the hands of the elders, chief priests and teachers of the law, and that he must be killed and on the third day be raised to life. 22Peter took him aside and began to rebuke him. “Never, Lord!” he said. “This shall never happen to you!” 23Jesus turned and said to Peter, “Get behind me, Satan! You are a stumbling block to me; you do not have in mind the things of God, but the things of men.” Back

44. Acts 5:28-30 28 “We gave you strict orders not to teach in this name,” he said. “Yet you have filled Jerusalem with your teaching and are determined to make us guilty of this man’s blood.” 29Peter and the other apostles replied: “We must obey God rather than men! 30The God of our fathers raised Jesus from the dead whom you had killed by hanging him on a tree.” Back

45. Mark 5:37; 9:2; 13:3; 14:33 5:37 He did not let anyone follow him except Peter, James and John the brother of James. 9:2After six days Jesus took Peter, James and John with him and led them up a high mountain, where they were all alone. 13:3As Jesus was sitting on the Mount of Olives opposite the temple, Peter, James, John and Andrew asked him privately… 14:33He took Peter, James and John along with him, and he began to be deeply distressed and troubled. Back

46. Mark 9:2-4 2After six days Jesus took Peter, James and John with him and led them up a high mountain, where they were all alone. There he was transfigured before them. 3His clothes became dazzling white, whiter than anyone in the world could bleach them. 4And there appeared before them Elijah and Moses, who were talking with Jesus. Back

47. Luke 22:8, 31-34 8Jesus sent Peter and John, saying, “Go and make preparations for us to eat the Passover.” 31”Simon, Simon, Satan has asked to sift you as wheat. 32But I have prayed for you, Simon, that your faith may not fail. And when you have turned back, strengthen your brothers.” 33But he replied, “Lord, I am ready to go with you to prison and to death.” 34Jesus answered, “I tell you, Peter, before the rooster crows today, you will deny three times that you know me.” Back

48. Matthew 26:37-39 37He took Peter and the two sons of Zebedee along with him, and he began to be sorrowful and troubled. 38Then he said to them, “My soul is overwhelmed with sorrow to the point of death. Stay here and keep watch with me.” 39Going a little farther, he fell with his face to the ground and prayed, “My Father, if it is possible, may this cup be taken from me. Yet not as I will, but as you will.” Back

49. John 21:17-19 17The third time he said to him, “Simon son of John, do you love me?” Peter was hurt because Jesus asked him the third time, “Do you love me?” He said, “Lord, you know all things; you know that I love you.” 18Jesus said, “Feed my sheep. I tell you the truth, when you were younger you dressed yourself and went where you wanted; but when you are old you will stretch out your hands, and someone else will dress you and lead you where you do not want to go.” 19Jesus said this to indicate the kind of death by which Peter would glorify God. Then he said to him, “Follow me!” Back

50. Matthew 27:56 56Among them were Mary Magdalene, Mary the mother of James and Joses, and the mother of Zebedee’s sons. Mark 16:1 1When the Sabbath was over, Mary Magdalene, Mary the mother of James, and Salome bought spices so that they might go to anoint Jesus’ body. Back