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Effective Ideation Techniques for Operational Improvement

Learn about brainstorming, fishbone diagrams, affinity diagrams, and multi-voting to generate and select ideas for process improvement projects, solutions, and assignable causes.

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Effective Ideation Techniques for Operational Improvement

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  1. IENG 451 - Lecture 03 Ideation: Brain Storming, Fishbone Diagrams, Affinity Diagrams & Multi-Voting IENG 451 Operational Strategies

  2. Ideation Overview • This is the process of generating and selecting ideas. We need this for: • Identifying potential quality and lean process projects • Identifying potential Assignable Causes • Identifying potential solutions to 1 & 2 (above) • ANYTIME we need to find a starting direction for the team • Among the MANY ways, four will be discussed: • Brainstorming • Fishbone Diagrams (review) • Affinity Diagrams • Multi-Voting IENG 451 Operational Strategies

  3. Brainstorming • Purpose is to collect a wide range of ideas: • Quickly produces many ideas • Allows ALL team members to contribute ideas for consideration • Identifying disparate ideas helps increase the quantity of ideas: • STIMULATION of other’s ideas • SYNTHESIS of new ideas IENG 451 Operational Strategies

  4. Brainstorming • Process for Brainstorming: • Review the problem statement • Clarify the goal(s) and review information: • relevant data • hard constraints • Silent INDIVIDUAL idea time • Gather & display ideas • Add STIMULATION / SYNTHESIS ideas vocally • Consolidate ideas IENG 451 Operational Strategies

  5. Brainstorming • There are NO Rules for Brainstorming: • NO criticism of ideas • NO judgements as ideas are offered • NO domination of vocal idea collection • NO paraphrasing of anyone’s ideas when documenting IENG 451 Operational Strategies

  6. Brainstorming • Goals for Brainstorming: • Go for QUANTITY of ideas • Allow individuals to completely state their ideas (no interruptions) • Be brief when stating ideas (don’t overdo it) • Building on ideas is good (SYNTHESIS) • Organize only afterward • Keep notes/cards for affinity diagrams after documenting IENG 451 Operational Strategies

  7. Fishbone Diagram • Fishbone (Cause & Effect) diagram constructed by brainstorming • Identified problem at the “head” • Connects potential causes along the spine • Sub-causes are listed along the major “bones” • Man • Material • Method • Machine • Environment ENGM 720: Statistical Process Control

  8. Bad Paint Fishbone Diagram, Cont. • The purpose of the fishbone diagram is to obtain as many potential influencers of a process, so that the breadth and potential interactions in a problem can be identified. Man Method Skill Level Low RPM Attention Level Travel Limits Dusty Environment Poor Conductor Temperature Humidity Poor Mixing Orifice Clogs Poor Vendor Worn Parts Machine Material ENGM 720: Statistical Process Control

  9. Affinity Diagrams • Purpose is to organize items: • Ideas • Facts • Opinions • Organizing helps to focus thinking: • Similarities among items • Central themes among the team members IENG 451 Operational Strategies

  10. Affinity Diagrams • Process for Diagraming: • Gather ideas from brainstorming / fishbones • Write on notes / cards if starting fresh • Post idea notes / cards randomly on surface of board or table: • Silently begin INDIVIDUAL grouping time • Create copies if disagreeing about placement • Create Headers for each grouping after clustering • For each group, have participants interpret and label • Can do a second round for further consolidation • Complete diagram and discuss results IENG 451 Operational Strategies

  11. Multi-Voting • Purpose is to narrow efforts to the few, or consolidate on the key items: • Best Ideas • Most Relevant Facts • Best Solutions • Consolidation helps to move team forward: • Sometimes the team is already at consensus, but just doesn’t realize it • Sometimes the team needs to move toward consensus IENG 451 Operational Strategies

  12. Multi-Voting • Process for Multi-Voting: • Enumerate / Identify every idea / option • Write on notes / cards if starting fresh • Display all options for all participants to see • Decide how many votes each individual will have • Rule of Thumb: 1/3 of the total number of items • Cast votes • Count votes • Identify top vote getters, • Eliminate no / low vote getters • Can do a second round for further consolidation IENG 451 Operational Strategies

  13. Questions & Issues • There WILL be a lab tomorrow! IENG 451 Operational Strategies

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