1 / 40

Naming Compounds and Writing Formulas for Acids and Bases

Naming Compounds and Writing Formulas for Acids and Bases. Professional Hittite Engineer Exam. Calculate the smallest limb diameter on a persimmon tree that will support a 10-pound possum. Naming Acids and Bases: At the conclusion of our time together, you should be able to:.

annis
Download Presentation

Naming Compounds and Writing Formulas for Acids and Bases

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Naming Compounds and Writing Formulas for Acids and Bases

  2. Professional Hittite Engineer Exam Calculate the smallest limb diameter on a persimmon tree that will support a 10-pound possum.

  3. Naming Acids and Bases:At the conclusion of our time together, you should be able to: List 3 properties of acids and bases Name a binary and oxy- (ternary) acid Name a base

  4. 6 Types Of Chemical Compounds • Binary ionic - metal ion – nonmetal ion • Binary molecular - two nonmetals • Ternary ionic - at least one ion is a polyatomic ion • Binary acid - H – nonmetal • Ternary acid - H – Polyatomic ion • Base - metal ion – OH

  5. Acids & Bases • Their Properties

  6. Properties of Acids • Taste sour • Itchy on skin, will burn if concentrated • Turns Blue litmus paper Red • Red litmus paper stays Red Reacts with Base - Neutralization: Acid + Base  Salt + Water Ex: Vinegar, Citrus Fruit

  7. Properties of Bases • Taste Bitter • Feel Slippery • Turns Red litmus paper Blue • Blue litmus paper stays Blue Reacts with Acid - Neutralization: Acid + Base  Salt + Water Ex: Soap, Milk of Magnesia, Most Cleaners

  8. Things You Can LearnFrom Your Dog!! When your loved one comes home, run to greet him/her. Eat with gusto to show your appreciation for the meal.

  9. The Fourth Category Of Compounds Is Binary Acids. • These compounds begin with hydrogen since they are “acids”. • Attached to the hydrogen is a nonmetal ion • Hydrogen – nonmetal ion

  10. What are Binary Acids? Binary means two elements Naming All binary acids follow the pattern as shown next:

  11. Naming Binary Acids • Contain “H” and one other element (nonmetal) To Name: Hydro + second element name shortened (stem) + ic + acid Ex: HCl = Hydro chlorine – ine + ic acid Hydrochloric acid HF = Hydroflouric acid

  12. Stem or root of nonmetal Prefix Suffix Hydro- < NM > -ic acid HCl is a binary acid – hydrogen - nonmetal HCl chlor acid Hydro ic Hydro iod ic acid HI Hydro sulfur ic acid H2S

  13. The Fifth Category Of Compounds Is Ternary Acids. • These compounds begin with hydrogen since they are “acids”. • Attached to the hydrogen is a polyatomic ion • Hydrogen – polyatomic ion

  14. New Element On The Periodic Table Element: Woman Symbol: Xx AtomicMass: 120 (More Or Less)

  15. Before we name ternary acids lets learn some variations on the polyatomic ions… • The standard ions that you have memorized that end in – ate can be changed by adding or subtracting oxygens to form 3 more ions.

  16. Let’s see what happens when we add or subtract oxygens… Perbromate Bromate Bromite Hypobromite

  17. Let’s try it again… Persulfate Sulfate Sulfite Hyposulfite

  18. Now let’s use this information to name ternary acids, acids with polyatomic ions… • The standard ions that you have memorized that end in – ate can be changed by adding or subtracting oxygens to form 3 more ions that can make 3 more acids.

  19. Naming Ternary (Oxy)Acids (cont.) • Contain “H”, “O” and one more element To Name: Polyatomic ion “ate”  “ic” + acid Ex: HNO3 =Nitr-ate  ic + acid Nitric acid HClO3 = Chloric acid • An easy way to remember which goes with which… • “In the cafeteria, you ATE something ICky”

  20. Naming Acids (cont.) • If the acid has one more oxygen than the base acid, the naming goes as follows: To Name: Per + Polyatomic ion “ate”  “ic” + acid Ex: HNO4 = Per + Nitr-ate  ic + acid Pernitric acid H2SO5 = Persulfuric acid

  21. Naming Acids (cont.) • If the acid has one less oxygen than the base acid, the naming goes as follows: To Name: Polyatomic ion “ite”  “ous” + acid Ex: HNO2 = Nitr-ite  ous + acid Nitrous acid H2SO3 = Sulfurous acid

  22. Naming Acids (cont.) • If the acid has two less oxygens than the base acid, the naming goes as follows: To Name: Hypo + Polyatomic ion “ite”  “ous” + acid Ex: HNO = Hypo + nitr-ite  ous + acid Hyponitrous acid HClO = Hypochlorous acid

  23. New Element On The Periodic Table (cont.) PhysicalProperties of Xx: Generally round in form. Boils at nothing and may freeze anytime. Melts whenever treated properly. Very bitter if not used well. ChemicalProperties: Very active. Possesses strong affinity to gold, silver, platinum, and precious stones. Violent when left alone. Able to absorb great amount of exotic food. Turns slightly green when placed beside a better specimen. Ages rapidly.

  24. Summary of Naming Ternary Acids

  25. Acid Nomenclature Flowchart

  26. Writing Acids This is a Ternary acid (does not begin with “hydro-”. Phosphoric acid H1+PO43- The “-ic” suffix indicates that the polyatomic ion in this acid has a suffix of “-ate” - phosphate Assume that hydrogen is +1 and balance the charges. H3PO4

  27. Writing Acids (cont.) Hypochlorous acid This is a Ternary acid (does not begin with “hydro-”. H+1 ClO-1 The “-ous” suffix indicates that the polyatomic ion in this acid has a suffix of “-ite” – hypochlorite 1 less oxygen Hypo- means 1 more oxygen less HClO Assume that hydrogen is +1 and balance the charges.

  28. New Element On The Periodic Table (cont.) Usage of Xx: Highly ornamental. An extremely good catalyst for disintegration of wealth. Probably the single most powerful income reducing agent known. Caution: Highly explosive in inexperienced hands.

  29. Naming Bases • Name the metal first • Add hydroxide Ex: NaOH = Sodium hydroxide KOH = Potassium hydroxide

  30. Practice Naming Bases Sodium hydroxide Iron (III) hydroxide Magnesium hydroxide Nickel (II) hydroxide Ammonium hydroxide

  31. Naming Acids and Bases:At the conclusion of our time together, you should be able to: List 3 properties of acids and bases Name a binary and oxy- (ternary) acid Name a base

  32. Chemical Compound Quiz Hypochlorous acid helps get the laundry white and bright. What is the common name? Bleach

  33. Summary of Naming Ternary Acids

  34. Acid Nomenclature Flowchart

  35. Exit Quiz Naming Bases Lithium hydroxide Manganese (III) hydroxide Calcium hydroxide Copper (II) hydroxide Potassium hydroxide

  36. Exit Quiz Naming Acids Persulfuric acid Sulfuric acid Sulfurous acid Hyposulfurous acid

  37. Exit Quiz Naming Acids Percarbonic acid Carbonic acid Carbonous acid Hydrocarbonic acid

  38. Exit Quiz Naming Acids Hydrochloric acid Chlorous acid Hypochlorous acid Perchloric acid

  39. Exit Quiz Naming Various Acids Hydrochloric acid Hydroiodic acid Nitrous acid Persulfuric acid Hypophosphorous acid Hydrocarbonic acid

  40. Hittite News: Down home in Hittiteville, folks now go to some movies in groups of 18 or more. They were told 17 and under are not admitted.

More Related