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19.3 War Winds Down

19.3 War Winds Down. I. Nixon Moves to End the War. Nixon appointed Henry Kissinger & gave him wide authority to use diplomacy to end the conflict. I. Nixon Moves to End the War…. Nixon’s plan was called Vietnamization 1. Provide training to S. Vietnamese Army

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19.3 War Winds Down

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  1. 19.3 War Winds Down

  2. I. Nixon Moves to End the War • Nixon appointed Henry Kissinger & gave him wide authority to use diplomacy to end the conflict

  3. I. Nixon Moves to End the War… • Nixon’s plan was calledVietnamization 1. Provide training to S. Vietnamese Army 2. Gradually withdraw U.S. troops

  4. I. Nixon Moves to End the War… • April 1970 Nixon announced that American troops had invaded Cambodia 1. People viewed this as a widening of the war 2. Sparked many protests, including the protest at Kent State on May 4, 1970

  5. I. Nixon Moves to End the War… 3. An upset Congress repealed the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution • Support for the war weakened with the release of the Pentagon Papers (1971) 1. Revealed that the govt. had not been honest with the people – they knew early on we couldn’t win the war

  6. I. Nixon Moves to End the War… • Shortly after Nixon won the 1972 election, peace talks broke down 1. The next day, the U.S. began the most destructive air raids of the entire war – “Christmas bombings”

  7. I. Nixon Moves to End the War… • Peace agreement was signed Jan. 27, 1973 1. S. Vietnamese President Nguyen Van Thieuagreed to allow N. Vietnamese troops stay in S. Vietnam 2. U.S. withdrew its troops

  8. I. Nixon Moves to End the War… • Fighting between the N. & S. resumed March 1975 1. Saigon fell to the communists on April 30, 1975 & Vietnam reunited under a communist government U.S. officials evacuate the U.S. Embassy April 30, 1975.

  9. II. The Legacy of Vietnam • First time the U.S. lost a war • Soldiers who returned found it difficult to readjust to civilian life • Congress passed the War Powers Act to reestablish some limits on executive power • The war increased American cynicism about their govt. War Powers Act *Requires the president to consult with Congress before making any troop commitments *Requires the president to inform Congress of any commitment of troops abroad within 48 hours *Requires the president to withdraw troops in 60 to 90 days, unless Congress explicitly approves the troop commitment

  10. My Lai Massacre

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