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Solomon Four-Group Design

Solomon Four-Group Design. Prepared by: SUHAIB SAWAFTA Introduced to: Dr. Aidah Abu El Soud Alkaissi An Najah National University Faculty of Nursing. Solomon Four-Group Design.

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Solomon Four-Group Design

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  1. Solomon Four-Group Design Prepared by: SUHAIB SAWAFTA Introduced to: Dr. Aidah Abu El Soud Alkaissi An Najah National University Faculty of Nursing

  2. Solomon Four-Group Design When data are collected both before and after an intervention, as in a pretest-posttest design, the posttest measure of the dependent variable may be affected not only by the treatment but also by exposure to the pretest.

  3. Cont… For example, if the intervention was a workshop to improve nurses’ attitudes toward patients with AIDS, a pretest attitudinal measure may in itself constitute a sensitizing treatment that could mask the workshop’s effectiveness.

  4. Cont… Such a situation calls for the Solomon four-group design, which involves two experimental groups and two control groups. One experimental group and one control group are administered the pretest and the other groups are not, thereby allowing the effects of the pretest measure and intervention to be segregated.

  5. Example of a Solomon four-group design: Swanson (1999) used a Solomon four-group design in her study of the effects of a caring-based counseling intervention on the emotional wellbeing of women who had had a miscarriage. Swanson adopted this design because of a concern that “the potential existed that participating in a longitudinal control group with early focused attention on loss might, in itself, serve as a form of recognition, support, and validation”

  6. Reference: Nursing research, principles and methods, seventh edition, CHAPTER 8, Designing Quantitative Studies, page 175.

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