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A World at War

The Tide of War Turns to the Allies. A World at War. Allied Victory in North Africa and Italy. Montgomery at El Alamein (Nov 1942). Germans wanted the Suez Canal to ensure their supplies

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A World at War

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  1. The Tide of War Turns to the Allies A World at War

  2. Allied Victory in North Africa and Italy

  3. Montgomery at El Alamein (Nov 1942) • Germans wanted the Suez Canal to ensure their supplies • Oct 1942 British under Montgomery win El Alamein against Rommel (German) in Egypt and start to push West • Last stand for the Allies • First defeat of the Germans in WWII • Lead to the retreat of the AfrikaKorps and the German surrender in 1943

  4. Operation Torch • Allied invasion of French North Africa in Nov 1942 • Stalin was pushing for a second front • Confidence came from victory at El Alamein • First time the British and Americans jointly worked on an invasion plan • Land in Morocco and Algeria • Europe’s Soft Underbelly

  5. Casablanca, Morocco • Roosevelt and Churchill meet for the Casablanca conference • Two decisions: • Allies increase bombing of Germany • UNCONDITIONAL SURRENDER – surrendering without conditions, so no guarantees are given to the surrendering power

  6. Sicilian Invasion & Anzio • July 1943 British and Americans begin landing in Sicily • Chased the Axis powers to the mainland • 3 September 1943 ITALY surrendered to the allies • Allies bogged down and continue fighting until 1945

  7. Allies Moving…Revolution in Rome

  8. Germany Saves Mussolini - temporarily

  9. Germans Reoccupy Northern ItalyAllies win Italy

  10. The Death of Il Duce

  11. Operation Overlord • Over a million • men will land on • the beaches at • Normandy. • 13,100 paratroopers of the 82nd and 101st • Airborne divisions • will land behind • enemy lines

  12. The Atlantic Wall

  13. It couldn’t be… ANOTHER Hitler mistake!!! • Hitler Sleeps through the Invasion!!! • DON’T WAKE HIM UP!!!

  14. Hedge Row Fighting

  15. Assassination and Liberation • 20 July 1944 – an officer planted a bomb in Hitler’s headquarters • Rommel was in on it • Aug 1944 – Allies liberate Paris • Sept 1944 - BeNeLux

  16. The Battle of the Bulge • Last ditch effort of the Germans • Almost succeeds • Cripples Germany by using her reserves and demoralizing what troops she has left

  17. US Bombing cuts supplies used against the Soviets

  18. Marching on Berlin • By January 1945 the Soviets reached the Oder River outside Berlin • April 1945 – US Army reaches the Elbe River, 50 miles west of Berlin • 30 April – Hitler commits suicide • 7 May – V-E Day, Germany surrenders

  19. US & USSR meet at the Elbe

  20. Hitler commits Suicide- April 30, 45

  21. The Pacific Theater

  22. Island Hopping • Strategy based on skipping islands with strong resistance and take those with strategic importance • Many amphibious assaults • MacArthur – commander of the Pacific forces

  23. Guadalcanal – Aug 1942 – Feb 1943 • First major offensive against the Japanese • Japanese air base with the location and power to threaten Australia • Japanese lose 24,000 of 36,000 defending the island

  24. The Battle of Leyte Gulf • 23 October 1944 – Return of MacArthur • Japan gambles on destroying whole US fleet by sending whole navy (all-in) • Japanese Navy eliminated • Only Army and Kamikazes left

  25. Marines take Iwo Jima • March 1945 – after bloody fighting, the marines take the island of Iwo Jima • From here, US Army Air Force can bomb Japanese mainland

  26. Okinawa • April 1945 • Bloodiest battle yet • Samurai spirit leads Japanese (all Japanese not just soldiers) to commit suicide • US loses 12,000 men, Japan loses 100,000

  27. An Invasion of Japan • Estimated 500,000 US lives lost in invasion • More than 1,000,000 Japanese

  28. Manhattan Project • Secret project to develop Atomic bomb at Los Alamos, New Mexico • J. Robert Oppenheimer – lead scientists • “I am become Shiva, the shatterer of worlds” • Einstein (German) was also involved • The Potsdam ultimatum given to Japan

  29. Hiroshima and Nagasaki • 6 Aug 1945 Hiroshima is bombed • 9 Aug 1945 Nagasaki is bombed • 100,000 dead • 15 Aug 1945 – Japan surrenders

  30. 2 Sept 1945 – Treaty signed on USS Missouri

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