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Unit I-

Unit I-. Mesopotamia and Egypt. Were Egypt and mesopotmia Advanced Urban Cultures?. Cities Specialization Applied technology Monumental architechture Sophisticated arts Writing records Centralization Long distance trade. The Nile constant- gift of the Nile- Three crops per year

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Unit I-

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  1. Unit I- Mesopotamia and Egypt

  2. Were Egypt and mesopotmia Advanced Urban Cultures? • Cities • Specialization • Applied technology • Monumental architechture • Sophisticated arts • Writing records • Centralization • Long distance trade

  3. The Nile constant- gift of the Nile- Three crops per year Long fertile river valley Stability-static Tigris- Euphrates Drought and flood cycle Instability- dynamic Geographic Factors

  4. Giza Babylon Egyptian and Mesopotamian Monumental Architecture

  5. List three principal difference b/w Mesopotamian and Egyptian AUCs • 1. • 2. • 3.

  6. Geographic- other factors

  7. Trials period 7 • Qin Shi Hwaung Di – Haña • Qin’s Lawyer – Chloe • Qin’s Prosecuter – Matiana • Atilla the Hun – Mikey • Atilla’s Lawyer – Andy • Atilla’s Prosecutor – Valisa • Jesus – Lauren • Jesus’ Lawyer – Sean • Jesus’ Prosecutor – Izzy • Spartacus – Gus • Spartacus’ Lawyer – Ian • Spartacus Prosecutor – LEENATALI (watch out)

  8. mesopotamia • Sumerians • Akkadians- aka the blackheads • Hamurabbi- Babylon • Assyrians • BabyloniansII • Hibiru- aka hebrews/jews • Hittites • Hyksos • Phoenecians • Nubians(Kush)

  9. Bantu Migrations • Cameroon- area- migrated thruought SW Africa- see map.

  10. trials • Review- trial overview, expectations. • Trial choices • Qin Shi Hwang Di- Chinese Emperor • Spartacus- rebellious Slave • Socrates- Greek Philosopher • Jesus- Son of Man • Muhammed- Prophet of Islam • Atilla the Hun- Brutal Leader • Joan of Arc- maid of Lorraine • Genghis Kahn- Mongol Leader • Galileo- Scientist and heretic • Martin Luther- Heretic and priest • Cortez- captain in Spanish Military • Ahuitzotl- Aztec King • Ivan I- Russian king • Santiago the Moor Slayer

  11. India

  12. Homework • 1. Read to page 99 in Harmon- 3 good questions- typed and ready. • 2. Complete Indian question from bentley and Zeigler web page • 3. Work on trials • 4. Start Religion Charts (due in two weeks) with a partner. • Hinduism, Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Buddhism, plus one other- like Zoroastrianism…..or Paganism

  13. Emperor Wu Di-140-87 BCE Han Wu Di wore Silk

  14. Aggressive Neighbors Wu Di - 140-87 BCE - one of most successful Chinese emperors Sent 100,000 man army after Xiongnu Never defeated them totally, but kept them from raiding north Extended Great Wall 300 miles Conquered parts of Manchuria, Korea and Vietnam persistent, problem Wu Di Decisions

  15. Wu Di • Nomads often just wanted to trade • Some emperors too arrogant to deal with barbarians • Responses varied over time • Extend and fortify Great Wall attack (usually failed) . • Tribute system established.

  16. Nomads rode around wall or bribed gate house officers-smart nomads Foreign Trade started Silk Roads - one of best known in world - horses were the key - "Celestial Horse." Wu Di wanted exotic animals, plants, foods taxes from trade silk, spices, gold, animal skins map, see silk road map – p. 11 – silk road activity on line. conquered many cultures along route. Wu- Allow Foreign trade

  17. Wu Di • Trained sons to be rulers trained in Chang'an dangers • Military forts and troops established along the way • no export of iron or weapons (strategic move) • Only diffusion of ideas, plants, animals, diseases, religion • Merchants learned about India, M.E., Europe (Roman Empire) and Muslims • Closed to Europeans by Muslims later.

  18. no increase in peasant taxes close to starvation - risked rebellion Established taxes on trade on Silk Road Nationalized salt, iron industries Sold officer commissions Occasional taxes on nobility (risky) fines for punishment- Li Do Bong- Chinese Peasant Increasing Government Income (Revenue)

  19. Government Organization and Bureaucrats • Confucian values (what emperors liked and disliked not set down- internalized) • No set documents for legalism- later adapted Confucianism • Middle class and poor communities hired tutors • Very competitive- • 3 days essays • Locked in a hut with a quill and ink- daily given paper and an essay question

  20. Some died from exhaustion Essays on Mandarin and Confucian values- Best of the best- scholar bureaucrats Excellent pay and benefits- life on easy street. Those not? 83 provinces- 20 kinglets Not allowed to initially return home to serve in own province. Bureaucrat Shielded From Sun- Essays were Rough

  21. The Imperial Exam • There are a few degree types offered: • Shēngyuán (生員), also called xiùcái (秀才), licentiate; administered at exams held in the county level each year. • Anshou, (案首)a shēngyuán who ranked #1 • Gongsheng (貢生), or "tribute student",[1] a senior licentiate

  22. Scoring Exams • Jǔrén (舉人) or "recommended man",[1] a provincial graduate, administered at the provincial level every three years • Jieyuan (解元) jǔrén who ranked #1. • Huiyuan (會元), jǔrén who ranked #1 in prequalification • Gongshi (貢士), jǔrén who passed prequalification

  23. Jìnshì (進士) or "presented scholar",[1] a metropolitan graduate, administered in the capital every three years • Jinshi jidi (進士及第) Jinshi who were ranked first class in Jinshi examiniation. • Zhuangyuan (狀元), lit. exemplar of the state, jìnshì who ranked #1 first class (in Jinshi examination) . • Bangyan (榜眼), lit. eyes positioned alongside (the top-ranked scholar), jìnshì who ranked #2 first class. • Tanhua (探花), lit. selective talent (in reference to the eponymous banquet), jìnshì who ranked #3 first class. • Jinshi Chushen (進士出身) jìnshì who were ranked second class in Jinshi examination. • Tong Jinshi Chushen (同進士出身) jìnshì who were ranked third class in Jinshi examiniation.

  24. Exam Barracks-Could You hang?

  25. By 115, a set curriculum had become established for the so-called First Generation of examination takers. They were tested on their proficiency in the "Six Arts": • Scholastic arts: music, arithmetic, writing, and knowledge of the rituals and ceremonies in both public and private life. • Militaristic: archery and horsemanship

  26. What would you do? Sell that kid? Peasant Decision Making-

  27. Classical India • Moheno-daro • Harrapa • Questions about?

  28. Knossos , Crete-circa 1900 BCEKing Minosslays the Minotaur, monster baby Labyrinth in palace Daedalus and Icarus Minoans

  29. The Minotaur

  30. Legends- which do you know? • Ancient Greek legends re- MinoansTheseus legend ofMinoans destroyed by fire- peaked in 1600 BCEContacts w/Syria and Sicily

  31. Fought w/ Egyptians v. HyksosRitual cannibalism practicedChildren, etc. sacrificedRedistribution by ruler of wealth Knossos Palace Minoans

  32. Crete-the Minoans

  33. Linear B script-protogreekLinear A- not deciphered yetModern Greek derived from Phoenecian alphabet Lingo-Linear A

  34. Linear B Alphabet Linear B

  35. PhalanxMinoan Bronze AgeKnossos CretePalace of MinosCretan ArtNo defenses around cities Khouri

  36. Charioteer Greek Art changed

  37. Mother goddess cultSnake goddesses Fertility cults Snake Goddess of Crete

  38. Greek Architecture

  39. Greek Fire Thrower

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