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The Five Kingdoms

Learn about how scientists classify organisms into different kingdoms and the types of cells they possess. Explore the diverse kingdoms - Monera, Protista, Plantae, Fungi, and Animalia - based on cellular organization and characteristics.

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The Five Kingdoms

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  1. The Five Kingdoms Life Science

  2. Classification of Organisms • Scientists place organisms into different categories based upon the features that they have in common.

  3. Classification of Organisms • The most basic category of organisms is called a kingdom. • Most scientists divide organisms into five major kingdoms.

  4. Types of Cells • There are two main types of cells: Prokaryotic cells are ones that do not have a well-defined nucleus. Eukaryotic cells are those that have a nucleus with a nuclear membrane.

  5. Prokaryotic Cells • All organisms with prokaryotic cells are unicellular, or composed of only one cell. • They belong to the kingdom of Monera.

  6. Kingdom Monera • Monerans include all bacteria and one type of algae: blue-green algae. • There are two • types of bacteria: • Archaebacteria • and Eubacteria.

  7. Kingdom Monera • Archaebacteria are an ancient line of bacteria that live in extreme environments such as hot thermal vents. • Eubacteria, or “true • bacteria,” can be either • harmful or helpful to • other organisms.

  8. Eukaryotic Cells • All other organisms that are not in kingdom Monera contain eukaryotic cells. • They can be either unicellular or multicellular (contain many cells).

  9. Kingdom Protista • Eukaryotic organisms with just one cell belong to the kingdom Protista. • Examples of protists are amoebas, euglenas, paramecia, and diatoms.

  10. Kingdom Protista • There are also a few multicellular organisms in the Protist kingdom. • These are slime molds or algae (seaweed) whose cells are arranged as colonies but are not specialized to serve different functions.

  11. Multicellular Organisms • The final three kingdoms contain organisms that are truly multicellular. • They all have different types of cells that each perform special functions and work together to keep the organism alive.

  12. Kingdom Plantae • The members of the Plant kingdom are all producers. • This means that they can make their own food through the process of photosynthesis.

  13. Kingdom Fungi • The members of the Fungus kingdom are all decomposers that use spores to reproduce. • Some examples are mold, mildew, and mushrooms.

  14. Kingdom Animalia • The members of the Animal kingdom are all consumers. • This means that they get their food from other organisms by eating them.

  15. Now Let’s Review!

  16. Unicellular organisms contain only one cell. Multicellular organisms are made of many cells. Cellular Organization

  17. Prokaryotic cells: cells that do not have a nuclear membrane around the DNA Eukaryotic cells: cells that have a true nucleus containing the genetic material The Two Types of Cells

  18. Unicellular organisms that are prokaryotic = KINGDOM MONERA Unicellular organisms that are eukaryotic = KINGDOM PROTISTA Unicellular Kingdoms

  19. ALL multicellular organisms contain eukaryotic cells. Multicellular producer= KINGDOM PLANTAE Multicellular Kingdoms

  20. Multicellular consumer= KINGDOM ANIMALIA Multicellular decomposer= KINGDOM FUNGI Multicellular Kingdoms

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