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One-Dimensional Motion

One-Dimensional Motion. Motion Terms SI Units Scalar Quantities Average and Instantaneous Speed v = d/t Linear Motion Velocity Position and Displacement Position-Time and Velocity-Time Graphs. Motion Terms. ________ Uniform motion is a movement at a constant speed in a straight line.

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One-Dimensional Motion

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  1. One-Dimensional Motion • Motion Terms • SI Units • Scalar Quantities • Average and Instantaneous Speed • v = d/t • Linear Motion • Velocity • Position and Displacement • Position-Time and Velocity-Time Graphs

  2. Motion Terms • ________ • Uniform motion is a movement at a constant speed in a straight line. • Nonuniform motion means movement which changes in speed or direction or both.

  3. Check Your Understanding • Classify each as uniform or nonuniform motion. Explain. • A rubber stopper is dropped from your raised hand to the floor. • A car ………… • A rocket begins rising from the launch pad. • A …………….

  4. TeachWithFergy Preview File Please enjoy this preview of your Student Version of the Power Point. Some slides appear blank because they have been removed. Student versions have portions of the text removed which is given in the teacher version and appear as ______ Other slides may have ........... on them, this represents writing that has been removed. Please note that the Entire Unit Package can also be purchased at a steep discount from my Store.

  5. International System of Units (SI Units) • These are the internationally excepted units of measurement. • There are 7 base units in the SI system. We can then use these to derive further units i.e. m2, km/h, etc.

  6. Scalar Quantity • ________ • i.e. km/h, m/s, kg • Vector quantities have both magnitude and direction • i.e. km/h [west], m/s2 [N 23° W]

  7. Check Your Understanding • State whether the quantity is a scalar or vector. • 9 ms • 3.1 m [up] • ……….. • ……….. • 113 km/h [west] • ………..

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  9. Vav, d and t • Since , we can rearrange the variables to solve for either of the other two. • One equation now becomes three d = vav t

  10. Check Your Understanding • A track star, aiming for a world outdoor record, runs four laps of a circular track that has a radius of …………..

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  12. Linear Motion in One Dimension • __________ • E.g. • Motion of a train along a straight line • An object, like a ball, falling freely, vertically under gravity • The vertical up and down ……………

  13. Velocity and Other Vector Quantities • ________ • The direction is given in [square brackets]. • I.e. Displacement, and velocity • I.e. 20 km/h [E] In slideshow mode, click the image and the video will automatically open in your browser.

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  15. Check Your Understanding • If you run around an oval track with a perimeter of 350 m and end where you began, what is your: • distance? • displacement?

  16. Velocity • Recall: Average speed is the total distance travelled divided by the total time of travel. • __________ • Average Velocity is the change of position (displacement) divided by the time interval for that change

  17. Check Your Understanding • If you run around an oval track in 10.0 minutes with a perimeter of 350 m and end where you began, what is your: • average speed in m/s? • average velocity in m/s?

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  19. Check Your Understanding A cyclist takes 25.1 s to cover the displacement of 115 m [E] from d1to d2. • Calculate the cyclist’s average velocity. • If the cyclist maintains the same average velocity for 1.00 h, what is the total displacement? • If the cyclist turns around at d2and travels 565 m [W] to position d3 in 72.5 s, what is the average velocity for the entire motion?

  20. Check Your Understanding • Is it possible for the total distance travelled to equal the magnitude of the displacement? If “no,” why not? If “yes,” give an example. • Is it possible …………. • Is it possible for the magnitude of the displacement to exceed the total distance travelled? If “no,” why not? If “yes,” give an example. • Can the average ………….. • A truck driver, reacting quickly to an emergency, applies the brakes. During the driver’s …………….

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  22. Position-Time (PT) (a.k.a. Distance-Time) and Velocity Time (VT) Graphs • Have a look at the graph below, they represent the same situation. • Look at the slope of the PT graph on the left. What does it tell you?

  23. PT and VT Graphs • The slope of the PT graph describes the _____

  24. Check Your Understanding • Describe the motion for the graph on the right and sketch the corresponding velocity-time graph

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  26. PT and VT con’t • VT graphs also tell us about position. • Recall our equation for average velocity (bottom left). ………….. • Using a VT graph, we can determine the displacement during any time period ________

  27. Check Your Understanding • Find the area of the shaded region in the graph below. State what that area represents.

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