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VIR311 Microsoft System Center Virtual Machine Manager 2008 R2: Advanced Virtualization Management

VIR311 Microsoft System Center Virtual Machine Manager 2008 R2: Advanced Virtualization Management. Hector Linares Senior Program Manager Virtualization & Data Center Management Microsoft Corporation hector.linares@microsoft.com. Iftekhar Hussain Partner Consultant- Virtualization

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VIR311 Microsoft System Center Virtual Machine Manager 2008 R2: Advanced Virtualization Management

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  1. VIR311Microsoft System Center Virtual Machine Manager 2008 R2: Advanced Virtualization Management Hector Linares Senior Program Manager Virtualization & Data Center Management Microsoft Corporation hector.linares@microsoft.com Iftekhar Hussain Partner Consultant- Virtualization Microsoft Corporation ihussain@microsoft.com http://blogs.technet.com/iftekhar Twitter: @iftekharh

  2. Agenda • Virtual Machine Manager 2008 R2 Capabilities • What's new in VMM SP1 • Dynamic Memory and RemoteFXSupport • Advanced Management – Virtualization • VM Provisioning – Templates, Profiles, Rapid Provisioning • PowerShell automation • Troubleshooting Hints • Best Practices, Tips and Tricks • Case of the Unexplained Lost Client Connections-Case Study • Giveaways: Useful PowerShell Scripts.

  3. Virtual Machine Manager 2008 R2 Capabilities • Clustered Shared Volumes • Hot addition/removal of storage • SAN migrations in and out of clustered hosts • Maintenance Mode • Live Migration • Expanded support for iSCSI SANs • Support for optimized networking • Support for Quick Storage Migration • Queuing of Live migrations • Support for third party CFS Support for third party CFS Support for optimized networking Maintenance Mode Hot addition/removal of storage Expanded support for iSCSI SANs Clustered Shared Volumes SAN migrations in and out of clustered hosts Live Migration: Queuing of Live migrations Support for Quick Storage Migration For users requiring a true clustered file system, VMM 2008 R2 supports third party file systems by detecting CFS disks and allows for deploying multiple VMs per LUN. • Place multiple virtual machines on a single LUN and manage them individually. The key benefit that CSV delivers here is greatly simplified LUN configuration for the administrator. Quickly and efficiently respond to changing storage requirements of virtual machines. Easily migrate virtual machines between clustered hosts without affecting the connected users. Perform multiple Live Migrations without having to keep track of other Live Migrations within the cluster. Ability to automatically migrate VMs in and out of clustered hosts using SAN transfers. Simplify the process of initiating maintenance or upgrades to virtual hosts, VMM 2008 R2 provides maintenance mode – a one-step process whereby active virtual machines are safely evacuated to other hosts within the cluster before maintenance begins. Support for two new networking services – Virtual Machine Queue (VMQ) and TCP Chimney – built into Windows Server 2008 R2. Key benefits to both of these technologies are more efficient processing of network traffic (through the creation of virtual network queues in the former and offloading of TCP/IP workloads to a physical NIC, in the latter) and thus freeing up CPU cycles on the host machine. With expanded support now covering the majority of available iSCSI SANs, VMM 2008 R2 enables administrators to choose from a much wider range of options when selecting a new SAN solution. For those with SAN infrastructure in place, VMM 2008 R2 features greater SAN compatibility enabling administrators to leverage their storage investments. VMM 2008 R2 now allows for the migration of a VM’s storage both within the same host and across hosts with minimum downtime.  VMM 2008 R2 also supports VMware storage vMotion so the storage for a VMware VM can be transferred on the same hosts no downtime.

  4. PowerShell Automation

  5. Powershell Automation • Cross platform automation • Any cmdlet works on all supported platforms • Standardize scripts and procedures • Build value-add tools using higher level languages (e.g. C#) • Use VMM Library to organize, share and run all scripts • Powershell scripts available at the end of each wizard

  6. One Way to Manage VMs Via PS $VMName = "Windows Server 2003“ $NewVMName = "Windows Server 2003 - new"  • Setup variables for the VM we are looking for, and the new name • $VMName = "Windows Server 2003“ • $NewVMName = "Windows Server 2003 - new"  • #Get a VMManagementService object • $VMManagementService = gwmi –class "Msvm_VirtualSystemManagementService" -namespace "root\virtualization" -computername "."  • #Get the VM object that we want to modify • $query = "SELECT * FROM Msvm_ComputerSystem WHERE ElementName='" + $VMName + "'“ • $VM = gwmi -query $query -namespace "root\virtualization" -computername "."  • #Get the VirtualSystemSettingsData of the VM we want to modify • $query = "Associators of {$VM} WHERE AssocClass=MSVM_SettingsDefineState“ • $VMSystemSettingData = gwmi -query $query -namespace "root\virtualization" -computername "."  • #Change the ElementName property • $VMSystemSettingData.ElementName = $NewVMName • #Update the VM with ModifyVirtualSystem • $Result = $VMManagementService.ModifyVirtualSystem( $VM.__PATH,$VMSystemSettingData.psbase.GetText(1)) $VMManagementService = gwmi –class "Msvm_VirtualSystemManagementService" -namespace "root\virtualization" -computername "."  $query = "SELECT * FROM Msvm_ComputerSystem WHERE ElementName='" + $VMName + "‘“$VM = gwmi -query $query -namespace "root\virtualization" -computername "."  $query = "Associators of {$VM} WHERE AssocClass=MSVM_SettingsDefineState“ $VMSystemSettingData = gwmi -query $query -namespace "root\virtualization" -computername "." 

  7. The SCVMM Way.. • #Setup variables for the VM • $VMName = "Windows Server 2003“ • $NewVMName = "Windows Server 2003 - new" • #Connect to the SCVMM Server • $server = get-vmmserver –computer localhost • #Find the virtual machine to modify • $vm = get-vm –Name $VMName • #Update the VM • set-vm –VM $vm –Name $NewVMName

  8. PowerShell Foundation Virtual Machine Manager Admin Console Virtual Machine Manager PowerShell Console

  9. VM Provisioning

  10. Finding Suitable Hosts: Intelligent Placement • Planning technology that ensures best resource utilization • Star based rating system for easy decision making • Customizable algorithm to achieve your goals • Applicable to both Hyper-V and VMware hosts • Utilized during: • New virtual machine creation (through UI, PowerShell or Self-Service) • Virtual machine migration • Checks host compatibility before migrations • Prevents migration from failing • Uses Windows Server 2008 R2 and VMware compatibility APIs • Network Optimization Support • Virtual Machine Queue (VMQ)

  11. Intelligent Placement – Rating Stars

  12. Speedup VM provisioning using Templates • Consist of Hardware and Guest OS Profile • Consistent hardware and guest OS configuration across all VMs • Reduce Provisioning time • Enables provisioning using Self Service Portal

  13. VM Provisioning using PowerShell • Automate provisioning of VMs • Create multiple VMs at the same time • Can provision using data file E.g. Comma Separated files • Provisioning can be scheduled for a pre determined date and time. • Handy for repeated kind of VM provisioning with same configurations E.g. Setting up Lab VMs

  14. Rapid Provisioning (Cmdline Only) • Rapidly create VMs from template • In VMM R2 • Create hardware and OS profiles with desired settings. • Create a template using profiles and specify blank VHD • Out of Band to VMM R2 • Create generalized VHD • Provision storage, clone VHD and present it to host • Using storage technologies such as snap cloning • In VMM R2 • Call New-VM with new parameter –UseLocalVirtualHardDisk

  15. PowerShell and VM Provisioning Templates and Profiles Provisioning using PowerShell Rapid Provisioning Single VM Using Differencing disk Multiple VMs using a data file demo

  16. VMM Service Pack 1 Features

  17. New Virtualization Features WS2008 R2 SP1 Dynamic Memory RemoteFX Dynamic Memory allows the allocation of a range of memory (min and max) to individual VMs, enabling the system to dynamically adjust the VM’s memory usage based on demand. This provides more consistency in system performance enabling better manageability for administrators Microsoft RemoteFXleverages the power of virtualized graphics resources and advanced codecs to recreate the fidelity of hardware-assisted graphics acceleration, including support for 3D content and Windows Aero, on a remote user’s device. This allows for a local-like, remote experience.

  18. Dynamic Memory Support • Overview • Memory is pooled and dynamically distributed across VMs • Memory is dynamically allocated/removed based on workloads-No Service interruptions • Benefits • More efficiently utilizes physical memory • Enables accurate guest memory sizing • Enables higher consolidation ratio • A production feature

  19. Dynamic Memory Requirements • Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1 Host • Supported Operating System in the VM • Upgrade Integration Services in the VM Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1 VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM

  20. RemoteFX in VMMVMs • New VM settings • Default Standard video adapter • New RemoteFX 3D video adapter • Maximum number of monitors: 1,2,3,4 • Max monitor resolution • 1024x768 (4 monitors max) • 1280x1024 (4 monitors max) • 1600x1200 (3 monitors max) • 1920x1200 (2 monitors max) • Additional VM property • GPU ID (PowerShell only) Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1 VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM

  21. RemoteFX requirementsVMs • Supported Operating System in the VM • New Integration Services (part of Windows 7 SP1) • Can be combined with Dynamic Memory Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1 VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM

  22. RemoteFX RequirementsHosts • RemoteFX feature enabled under the Remote Desktop Services Role • CPU must support SLAT • One or more GPUs (Graphics Processing Units) that support DirectX 10 • Enough GPU Memory available for max monitors and resolution Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1 VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM

  23. Intelligent Placement – new checks • Use Current Memory footprint for DM VMs • Check for GPU-compatibility when migrating RemoteFX VMs Windows Server 2008 R2 Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1 Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1 VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM

  24. New Placement Checks

  25. Updates to PROPerformance Resource Optimization • PRO ties specific Operations Manager alerts to remediation actions in VMM • VMM PRO Pack  load-balance VMs in a cluster when CPU or Memory exceed a threshold • SP1 update to VMM PRO Pack  consider Current Memory utilization for DM VMs • PRO depends on Intelligent Placement

  26. Service Pack 1 ^ demo

  27. Troubleshooting, Best Practices and Tips and Tricks

  28. VMM Configuration Analyzer 2008 R2 • Free Download • Evaluates important configuration settings for computers that either are serving or might serve VMM roles or other VMM functions. • Requires Microsoft Baseline Configuration Analyzer (MBCA). • Scanning Details: • Setup: confirms system requirements and configuration • Checks refresh update intervals • Image Library: checks files consistency • Infrastructure: check key infrastructure data as: • Version of SQL Installed • SQL Configuration • Network bandwidth • DNS and other configurations • Operations Manager Integration components.

  29. Common Issues and Tips and tricks

  30. Delete VM that cannot be deleted • Verify a connection to the localhost (or a remote machine if applicable) • Get-VMMServer -ComputerNamelocalhost • Replace "VM Name" with the name of the VM as it appears in SCVMM • $VM = Get-VM -Name "VM Name" • Remove-VM -VM $VM -Force • The VM should be deleted successfully and no longer appear in the admin console.

  31. Why “Unsupported Cluster Configuration” Status? The following situations can cause Unsupported Cluster in Virtual Machine Manager.

  32. Best Practices • Refresh the cluster if you add storage • Locate hosts and library servers close to one another • Install VMM Console to get PowerShell additions • Add-PSSnapin “Microsoft.SystemCenter.VirtualMachineManager” • Cluster create/destroy operations happen outside of VMM • Results are unpredictable if you migrate an HA VM that has VMM in it from the VMM Admin Console • Use Failover Cluster Service

  33. Hector Linares – Program Manager (SCVMM) Case of the Unexplained Lost Client Connections

  34. Lost client connections • Two Microsoft teams reported the following symptoms: • VMM server response very slow • PowerShell client connections lost randomly • New PowerShell client connections fail • Overall system performance poor • CPU consumption – 25% - 50% • Restarting VMM server service addresses the issue temporarily

  35. Prerequisites • Performance Monitor • SysInternals Process Monitor • XPERF

  36. What is XPERF? • Sample based profiling tool • Holistic view of user and kernel mode processes and threads • DPCs, File I/O, and registry • Leverages ETW tracing mechanism Don’t forget to configure symbols: Set.exe  C:\WebSYMBOLS;srv*C:\WebSYMBOLS*HTTP://MSDL.MICROSOFT.COM/DOWNLOAD/SYMBOLS

  37. 07/01/2010 – System OK • Partner teams engaged the VMM product team • Initial evaluation of the server OK • 50 hosts • 300 VMs • Installed troubleshooting tools • Process Monitor • Xperf • Debug View

  38. 07/13/2010 – Repro # 1 • Two weeks of monitoring the server • Symptoms started up, exhibiting CPU spikes • The system is still usable… but sluggish.

  39. 07/13/2010 • TaskMgr.exe – VMMService.exe looks suspicious. • Open up Process Explorer and peak into VMMService.exe

  40. 07/13/2010 • System process shows VMBus as the top CPU thread

  41. 07/13/2010 • Tried using internal trace tool, killed the VMMServiceprocess Repro Restart Steady

  42. 07/15/2010 – Repro # 2 • Typically repro surfaces every 10 days… This time 2 days • Some suggested I collect network and disk info using PerfMon • Loaded and unloaded counters for disk, network, processes • Narrowed down the list to a few heavy hitters: • I/O Other Operations/Sec (Process: vmmservice.exe) • I/O Other Bytes/sec (Process: vmmservice.exe)

  43. 07/15/2010 • “I/O Other” guided me down the path of looking network:

  44. 07/15/2010 • Used Process Monitor to captured activity: • All operations: • Time range: 3:35 – 3:35 (1 min) All events: 26687 • All operations (EXCLUDING vmmservice.exe): • Time range: 3:35 – 3:35 (1 min) All events: 13179 • Network (TCP/UDP): 1778 • ONLY operations for VMMservice.exe: • Time range: 3:35 – 3:35 (1 min) All events: 13508 • Network (TCP/UDP): 10278 (~171 TCP Send/Receive per second)

  45. 07/15/2010 • Resource Monitor - VMMService.exe has 160 TCP connections.

  46. 07/15/2010 • After some discussion… • Network stats normal for this size environment • Still no explanation for VMBUS.sys high CPU time • No Hyper-V related QFEs addressed these symptoms • KB981836 - Network connectivity for a W2K3 Hyper-V VM is lost temporarily in Windows Server 2008 R2 • This addresses issues specific to NDIS5

  47. 07/18/2010 • Hyper-V team recommended: • Upgrade to latest Integration Services • KB9881836 applied to parent partition and VMs • Apply the following regkey to parent partition & VMs • HKLM\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Memory Management • DWORD “DisablePagingExecutive” • Value 1 • Set kernel debug switch to parent partition & VMs • bcdedit/debug on

  48. 07/18/2010

  49. 07/22/2010 – Repro # 3 • Repro after 3 days • Symptoms worse than previous repros

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