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Syndromes and Eyewitness

Key Terms: Cognitive interview Cross-race identification Double-blind line-up Earwitness testimony Estimator variables Innocence Project Instruction bias Lineup Open-ended questions Photo spread Presentation bias Encoding Retrieval Storage System variables

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Syndromes and Eyewitness

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  1. Key Terms: • Cognitive interview • Cross-race identification • Double-blind line-up • Earwitness testimony • Estimator variables • Innocence Project • Instruction bias • Lineup • Open-ended questions • Photo spread • Presentation bias • Encoding • Retrieval • Storage • System variables • Unconscious transference • Weapons effect • Yerkes-Dodson law Syndromes and Eyewitness Psychopathy Battered Child Syndrome Battered Woman Syndrome Child sexual abuse syndrome Child sexual abuse accommodation syndrome Munchausen syndrome by proxy Parental alienation syndrome Post-traumatic stress disorder Rape trauma syndrome Recovered memory syndrome Traumatic brain in jury False memory syndrome

  2. Eyewitness questions • What is the innocence project? Is it important? • Why is eyewitness testimony often considered the least reliable kind of evidence? • What role does memory encoding, storage, and retrieval play in eyewitness accuracy? • What are estimator variables, and how are they related to eyewitness accuracy? • What are system variables, and how are they related to eyewitness accuracy? • What is meant by a “cognitive interview?” • Are there any parallels in ICB? • Do you know this vocabulary?

  3. Eyewitness questions • Why is eyewitness testimony often considered the most important kind of evidence next to an actual confession? • What parts did Albert Binet and Hugo Munsterberg play in the history of eyewitness identification issues? • What role does memory encoding, storage, and retrieval play in eyewitness accuracy? • What does the Yerkes-Dodson law say? • What are estimator variables, and how are they related to eyewitness accuracy? • What are system variables, and how are they related to eyewitness accuracy? • What is meant by a “cognitive interview?” • What is the “cross-race effect?” • What are some of the factors in lineups that determine their effectiveness? • What is the “weapons effect?” • What is the difference between simultaneous and sequential presentation in a lineup? Which is generally considered to be superior? Why? • What are some of the ways psychologists and the legal system attempt to ameliorate the deleterious effects of false identifications? Do you think they are effective? Why is it important that the legal system be concerned with this issue of deleterious effect amelioration?

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