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User Acceptance • The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) is an [information systems] theory that models how users come to accept and use a technology. The model suggests that when users are presented with a new software package, a number of factors influence their decision about how and when they will use it, notably: • External Variables include system design characteristics, user characteristics (e.g., cognitive style and other personality variables), and task characteristics, nature of the development or implementation process, political influences, and organizational structure) • Perceived usefulness (PU) - This was defined by Fred Davis as "the degree to which a person believes that using a particular system would enhance his or her job performance". • Perceived ease-of-use (EOU) Davis defined this as "the degree to which a person believes that using a particular system would be free from effort".
Hi P, Lo U – e.g. Tomahawk missile Performance / PU Lo P, Hi U – e.g. pen Usability User Acceptance cont. • Theoretical user-acceptance curve DARPA does Hi-performance, but does not do usability so well - Improving usability increases UA; therefore, improving usability can ease transitions
Human Factors • Perspective • Examine usage scenarios and context of use • Task analyses • SocioTechnical System analysis • User (military) input • Inform design of technology • HF standards: MIL-STD-1472E Department of Defense Design Criteria Standard: Human Engineering; MIL-H-46855B Department of Defense Handbook: Human Engineering Guidelines for Military Systems, Equipment, and Facilities; NASA-STD-3000, Man-Systems Integration Standards (MSIS); MIL-HDBK-759C, Department of Defense Handbook for Human Engineering Design Guidelines • All are general and need to be fit to a particular technology
DARPA • Not program manager • Close to SETA role • Works with several programs
William Stadermanwstaderman@vzavenue.net • Education: • Ph.D., Industrial Engineering – Human Factors • M.S., Organizational Development and Knowledge Management • M.A., Philosophy – Computers and Cognitive Science • Experience • Navy Acquisitions: NUWC, ONR, NRL, DARPA, ONR • While at DARPA… • Supervisor: Dr. Tom Wagner • Supported Integrated Learning Program: Reviewed research proposals and participated in Source Selection Committee • Supported COORDINATORS Program: Proposed usability tests; Proposed interface design guidelines and prototypes; Served as Human Factors Monitor for the contract: “Human-machine Interfaces for Coordination Decision Support in Tactical Settings” • Reviewed whitepapers emphasizing Human System Integration technologies from several sources at Office of Naval Research • SBIR: Olfactory Cueing • AAAI SS06: Usability and HCI issues in planning and scheduling systems • Support Congressional Plus-Up through ONR as HMI consultant • DAWIA certification level 2