PULSES MARKET MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA

1. PULSES MARKET MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA CICILS/IPTIC International Pulse Trade and Industry Confederation Anatalya, Turkey April 2009 Mr. Saifuddin Abidali Wahba for Food Industries

2. Market Overview facts and figures • Pulses are a major contributor of carbohydrates and protein • Preference for vegetable proteins than pulses • 24 countries • Area 15,481,278 kilometre square • Population of 543 million • GDP of USD 4.668 trillion • Per capita income USD 8594

3. Market Overview facts and figures • Pulses are a major contributor of carbohydrates and protein • Preference for vegetable proteins than pulses

4. Market Overview agriculture • Agriculture is second largest employer • Economically active populationin agriculture has reduced • The region has 6.5% of the world’s arable land and 1.5% of the world’srenewable freshwater resources • Produces less than half the food it consumes

5. Market Overview food bill • Import food bill US$ 30 billion • Imports 18% of the world’s pulse crops. The second largest importer of pulses after the Indian subcontinent • The region has the third largest consumptionper capita of pulses after Latin America and the Indian subcontinent. 5 kilos per capita • Pulses are a major contributor of carbohydrates and protein • Preference for vegetable proteins than pulses

6. Egypt trends and preferences • Pulses are a major contributor of carbohydrates and protein • Preference for vegetable proteins than pulses • Pulses are perceived as the safest substitute for protein intake • Cereals and vegetables compete with pulses as sources of carbohydrates • Pulses is considered the poor man’s meat • Consumption is directly related to price • Adhoc procurement causes instability • “Baladi” products

7. Egypt whole beans • Pulses are a major contributor of carbohydrates and protein • Preference for vegetable proteins than pulses • Local production 130,000 MT Faba Beans and 50,000mt white beans • (Harvest in April/May) • Imports 400,000 MT (France, UK, Australia) • Consumption increases during Ramadan • “Like concrete in the stomach” • Importance of colour

8. Egypt split beans • 70% of beans are split • Splitting is a cottage industry • Competition is very intense • Less tannin. Better ta’miyya. • Blending of origins is a common practice • Pulses are a major contributor of carbohydrates and protein • Preference for vegetable proteins than pulses

9. Egypt red split lentils • Consumption has reduced from 120,000 MT to 60,000 MT • Prices increased from USD 550 in 2005 to USD 2100 in 2008 • Weather and consumption • Preferences for smaller varieties (Jazeera, Commando, Northfield, Robins) • “Produced in Turkey” • Pulses are a major contributor of carbohydrates and protein • Preference for vegetable proteins than pulses

10. Egypt whole lentils • Pulses are a major contributor of carbohydrates and protein • Preference for vegetable proteins than pulses • Koshary. Vegan dish. • Monopolised by Canadian lentils. • Skin colour • Trend of green lentils • Bulk imports • Monopolised by Canadian lentils • Trend of green lentils • Different grades

11. Summer crop harvest in June 40,000 MT • Winter crop harvest in November 30,000 MT • Main export markets: Algeria, Spain, Italy, Portugal, France, Syria, Turkey • Harvest time • Delivery • Correlation to black eyed beans Egypt white beans • Pulses are a major contributor of carbohydrates and protein • Preference for vegetable proteins than pulses

12. Sudan agriculture • 82% of population in agricultural sector • 41.8 milllion acres of arable land • Decline in agricultural production • Contrinution to GDP decreased to 36% • Pulses are a major contributor of carbohydrates and protein • Preference for vegetable proteins than pulses

13. Sudan main crops • Pulses are a major contributor of carbohydrates and protein • Preference for vegetable proteins than pulses

14. Sudan consumption and observations • Pulses are a major contributor of carbohydrates and protein • Preference for vegetable proteins than pulses • Bean imports are banned from April-May • Lentil imports are from Ethiopia, Turkey, India Egypt • White beans for the army • Peas for aid • Trade with Egypt

15. Iraq ministry of trade and public distribution system • Pulses are a major contributor of carbohydrates and protein • Preference for vegetable proteins than pulses • Oil for Food Program ration • Chickpeas 250 gr • Beans 125 gr • Lentils 125 gr • Rice 3 kg • Tea 200 gr • Cooking oil 1 kg • Sugar 2 kg • Flour 8 kg • Powdered milk 125 gr • Baby formula 8 kg • Baby supplement 800 gr

16. Iraq procurement and observations • Ministry of Trade (MOT) and Public Distribution System (PDS) • Consumption of 270,000 MT of pulses. • Breakdown of pulse imports • White beans 50,000 MT Egypt, Turkey, China • Yellow split 70,000 MT Canada, USA, EU, India • Fava beans 12,000 MT Local • Chickpeas 15,000 MT Turkey, Syria, India, Russia • Lentils 70,000 MT Turkey, Syria, Canada, Australia, India, Egypt • Peas 35,000 MT Canada, USA, EU, India • Others 18,000 MT • Pulses are a major contributor of carbohydrates and protein • Preference for vegetable proteins than pulses

17. Closing statements • Highest population growth in the world • Population is estimated to be 1 billion by 2028 • Expected to consume a further 1.5 million tons of pulses • Challenges of providing sustainability and food security • Food production per capita • Ratio export earnings: food imports • Calories per capita. Protein per capita