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Changes in medieval society

Changes in medieval society. Chapter 14 Section 2. VOCAB. Three field system Guild Commercial Revolution Burgher Vernacular Thomas Aquinas Scholastics . Growing food Supply. Warmer climate 800-1200 in Europe led to more available farming lands

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Changes in medieval society

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  1. Changes in medieval society Chapter 14 Section 2

  2. VOCAB • Three field system • Guild • Commercial Revolution • Burgher • Vernacular • Thomas Aquinas • Scholastics

  3. Growing food Supply • Warmer climate 800-1200 in Europe led to more available farming lands • Horsepower: horses replaced oxen for plowing fields • Horse could plow 3x as much in one day as oxen • Farmers also changed how they organized their farming land, • Three field system emerges…

  4. Three fields system Farmers plant on two fields at a time leave one field resting for a year. “Resting” field given chance to become fertile again. Food production increased. more food allowed for dramatic rise in Europe’s population.

  5. Guilds and the commercial Revolution • Guilds: • First unions • Helped workers in the same area control pricing • Also offered protection for each other and how to train new workers • Europe’s economy begins to grow; brings about the return to urban life and the downfall of the manor system. • Commercial Revolution • Increased trade routes after the crusades made a variety of products available to new people • Fairs: people would travel to towns on “fair days” to trade with people from across the world • Towns start to grow to cities, people of Europe have new ways to make money

  6. Urban life flourishes • Between 1000-1150 population of Europe rose from 30-42 million people • As trade grew so did towns and cities • Serfs would run-away to towns for a better life. Living in a town for a year and a day made you a free man • Problems in the cities: • Narrow streets filled with animals and animal waste • No sewers many most people dumped human waste into the streets • Poor hygiene; lack of clean water • Houses made of thatch constant fire hazard

  7. Revival of learning • During the Crusades Christian interaction with Muslin and Byzantines greatly expanded. • Muslim libraries housed copies of the works of Greek philosophers; works that all but disappeared in Europe after the fall of the Roman Empire

  8. Revival of Learning • Muslim Connection • 1100s Christian scholars visited Muslim libraries in Spain • Gained knowledge of science, philosophy, law, mathematics etc. • Crusaders brought back superior Muslim technology in shipping, navigation, and weapons • Scholars and Universities • ‘university”- group of people who met whenever they could • People not buildings made up European unis • 1100s schools arose and filled by sons of burghers, wealthy merchants. • Writers started writing in vernacular instead of Latin

  9. Dante Aligheri – The Divine Comedy (1308-1314) Written in Italian Geoffrey Chaucer – The Canterbury Tales (1386-1400) Written in English

  10. Thomas Aquinas Believed he could prove the most basic religious truths through logic.

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