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Balkan Wars, 1990s

Balkan Wars, 1990s. Trouble in the Balkans. The Balkans: Small countries made up of various ethnic groups, a long tradition of violence between groups USSR forced them all into the country of Yugoslavia

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Balkan Wars, 1990s

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  1. Balkan Wars, 1990s

  2. Trouble in the Balkans • The Balkans: Small countries made up of various ethnic groups, a long tradition of violence between groups • USSR forced them all into the country of Yugoslavia • Starting in 1991 Yugoslavia disintegrated into many smaller countries that fought over limited resources

  3. Bosnian War • In 1992 Bosnians voted for their independence. • Bosnian Serbs did not agree with this decision. They wanted Bosnia to join Serbia in a “Greater Serbia” • From 1992-1995 they used violence and intimidation to try and force Bosnian Croats, Muslims, and others out of Bosnia. • They carried out a policy of ethniccleansing: the use of violence, and terror to remove a targeted ethnic group from a territory • An estimated 100,000 were killed in the ethnic cleansing, and 20,000-50,000 women and girls were raped.

  4. Bosnian War • SlobobanMilosevic: Serbian President in the 1990s that encouraged Serbs in the Balkans to use ethnic violence to create a new, “Greater Serbia” • He died in 2006 while waiting for his sentence from an international court that was determining his role in the Bosnian (and other) conflicts • The Bosnian war ended in 1995 with a peace agreement that gave Serbs their own portions of Bosnia/Herzegovina • The international response (esp. from the UN) during this conflict was quite weak…

  5. Kosovo • Albanians in the territory of Kosovo, oppressed by the Yugoslavian forces in the 90s, formed the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) • KLA carried out a series of attacks against the Yugoslavian forces • 1998 Yugoslav forces retaliated, tried to push many of these Kosovar Albanians out of the region

  6. Kosovo • March 1999 NATO chose to intervene on the Albanian Kosovars’ side, used airstrikes • Never approved by the UN Security Council… • The treaty to end the conflict in April 1999 left Kosovo’s status in dispute • Some claim independence, others that it is part of Serbia • War crimes trials have been held for the Serbs, but just now the Albanians will now face an EU-created court.

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