Rating Driver - BEST Project

1. Rating Driver - BEST Project Rahul Mundke Master’s Student, KReSIT IITB

2. Roadmap • Motivation • EDR Overview • Overall System • Project Targets • Skills/Knowledge Areas to pick up • References

3. Motivation • BEST( Brihan Mumbai Electric Supply and Transportation ) wants to monitor and record per driver Km/Liter statistic. BEST wants a mechanism to perform the fair rating of drivers based on driving quality.

4. About BEST • Formally set up in 1873 as Bombay Tramway Company • Mumbai saw it’s first bus run in 1926 • At present has 3380+ buses carrying 45 lakhs passengers daily on 335+ routes • There are 22000+ employees. • On an average 2.4 drivers operate on a Bus daily • Mileage calculations are done at the end of day. There is no way to estimate the individual driver performance by this reading. • Current average mileage of bus is 3 Km/Liter, BEST aims to raise it to 3.5 Km/Liter by various initiatives Source : BEST website (http://www.bestundertaking.com/ )

5. Event Data Recorder Overview • What is EDR ? • A physical connection that could have major damage but is still “probable” at some time after the event. Perhaps needs to be extracted from the vehicle • A physical connection that could have major damage but is still capable of being “plugged to” by some diagnostic device. Perhaps still connected to the vehicle. • A wireless device that could transmit the data at the scene to medical personnel. • A wireless device that could transmit the data automatically at the time of the event. • Uses • Opportunity to look “inside” the crash event • Remove one level of uncertainty in collision analysis • Allows injury causes and injury mechanisms to be better understood Source : Part of Draft Specification. (IEEE P1616 : MVEDR Specification)

6. Pre-Crash Data Non- Deployment Event Seconds before AB Vehicle Speed (mph) Engine Speed (rpm) Percent Throttle Brake Switch Circuit Status -5 44 1344 9 OFF -4 44 1344 16 OFF -3 44 1280 2 OFF -2 41 1152 0 ON -1 34 1024 0 ON EDR Pre-Crash Data Source : Chalmers University of Technology. (Summary of Swedish Research Using Crash Recorder Data)

7. Overall System • Development Plan • System would be developed in multiple versions • For First Version: • System will record and display raw data so as to help in understanding/discovering new principles/concepts. • Cost of the EDR is not a major concern, time to develop is!! • Expected to be complete in 3 months • Sub-Sequent Versions: • System should be superior which also meets auxillay goals of First version like cost , form factor etc.

8. Block Diagram

9. Tentative Application Look

10. Project Targets • Development of an algorithm to rate the driver • Approach • Study of the real data to see the patterns ( Data mining would help!!) • Sensor data mining papers would help in this regard (Neural networks?) • Literature survey to find the various rules/relations with parameter(s) to determine quality of driving • Study of the research data which Automotive Research Group,India, did on BEST buses • Trying to get the Indian driving cycle condition data from the Bajaj Auto Pvt. Ltd. • Research Publication • Possible topics • The study of various classifiers used for data mining approach and comparison of their performance • If acoustic spectrum analysis works, we could have some papers on it? • Data Compaction Techniques ? • A publication on findings of the system?

11. Approach towards meeting Targets Rating Application Raw Data Files containing sensor readings

12. Approach • Start with Simple • Don’t wait for real data • Data Mining Study • Neural Network/Genetic Algorithm ?

13. Proposed Prototype for Algorithm • We would work on 2 algorithms • Expert Algorithm • Would be a greedy algorithm giving good/bad rating based on current data like • Brake, Accelerometer, Clutch position • Speed, acceleration of vehicle Vs. Gear Position • Classifier Algorithm • Based on the collected/simulated(?) data, this would based on a history as well and would run over a longer duration of data.

14. Challenges • We will need to quantify some the parameters which decide the quality of driving • Ability to read road ahead • Attention to driving task • Careful to operate on recommended settings • Getting accurately tagged real data • Accounting for the variations of data based on route, day, time, vehicle (work on 1 month data ? ) • Individual Differences among drivers • Physical and Cognitive ability • Experience • Attitude

15. Approach towards meeting Targets Rating Application Plugin Functionality Utility Layer Operating System Layer Sensor 1 Sensor 2 Sensor N

16. Something About Sound Engine Sound generated at different speeds generate Different sound perceivable to human ear !!

17. Skills Required • Data Mining: • Different Classifiers, Feature Extraction • Various Papers on Sensor data mining • Various tools like SAS,SPSS • New method ? • Digital Signal Processing • Digital Filtering of noise • Adaptive Filter • Short Time Fourier Transform • Compaction of data ? • Domain Knowledge on Automotive • What differentiates a good (not to be confused with safe) driver from • another driver • What sampling rate is sufficient to give good estimate of the result • Field experience?

18. Summary What is to be delivered as system and as M. Tech project is well identified How it can be done is also identified for the current requirements Links ,Places and People who would help in system development are identified for current requirements

19. References • Few papers from journal on Vehicle Safety • Energy Conservation websites giving the techniques for mileage • improvement • Papers from the Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of • Vehicles,2002,2003 • White papers from the National Highway Safety Traffic Administration Symposium • Autobait Daily Journals for various statistics • www.ece.wisc.edu/~secsit : some papers on the feature extraction and classification