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A Region of Conflict

A Region of Conflict. Issues in North Africa and the Middle East. World Geography Unit 8, Lesson 4. Reasons for Conflict. Israeli-Palestinian Conflict. 1948: the state of Israel was created through a United Nations charter War with Arabs nations followed immediately

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A Region of Conflict

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  1. A Region of Conflict Issues in North Africa and the Middle East World Geography Unit 8, Lesson 4

  2. Reasons for Conflict

  3. Israeli-Palestinian Conflict • 1948: the state of Israel was created through a United Nations charter • War with Arabs nations followed immediately • 1967: Israel takes control of Jerusalem, West Bank, and Gaza strip at the end of the Six-Day War • 1974: The Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO) is recognized by the UN as the legitimate representative of the Palestinians • 1978: Camp David Accords set up Palestinian self-rule in the West Bank • 1978: First Palestinian Intifada (resistance movement, ended in stalemate) • 1993: Oslo Accords allow Palestinians to establish self-rule in West Bank and Gaza Strip • 2001: election of Ariel Sharon as Prime Minister • 2003: Israel starts building a fence along the West Bank • 2004: Yasser Arafat dies (leader of PLO) • 2012: Peace talks end without progress

  4. Women in the Middle East • Unequal status • Family life: husband is considered the head of the family and given greater legal standing than his wife • Gender-based violence • Nations including Kuwait, UAE, and Bahrain permit women to participate in government • Working outside the home and access to higher education is not allowed in some areas • Some areas require strict dress codes

  5. Water IssuesConflicts over Natural Resources • Water is the most important natural resource and the most likely to cause conflict in the future • The Dead Sea is evaporating and shrinking • Land rights and aquifers (North Africa) • Distributing the waters of the Nile to areas outside of Egypt (Aswan High Dam)

  6. Oil Wealth • War: Iran-Iraq War, Iraqi invasion of Kuwait • Effects of Modernization (desalinization) • Industrialization (malls, airports, land reclamation)

  7. Arab Spring • Dec. 2010: A Tunisian vendor sets himself on fire in protest of police brutality • Jan. 2011: Thousands take to the streets in Tunisia demanding better living conditions • Jan. 2011: Tunisian president steps down and flees to Saudi Arabia • Jan. 2011: Thousands take to the streets in Jordan in protest of high fuel prices • Jan. 2011: Algerians protest outside the parliament building • Jan. 2011: “Day of Rage” in Egypt as tens of thousands take the streets in protest demanding the ousting of then President Mubarak • Feb. 2011: Mubarak dismisses his government and surrenders power (ending almost 30 years in control) • March 2011: no-fly zone in Libya • April 2011: protesters killed in Syria leading to an ongoing civil war • October 2011: Gaddafi killed (ending 42 years of power)

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