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George H. W. Bush

George H. W. Bush. Foreign Policy: Wait and See. 1989: The Year of Miracles. Tiananmen Square Demonstrations. General Secretary Deng Xiaoping. Tank Man. Tiananmen Square Massacre. Tiananmen Square. Fall of the Berlin Wall November 9, 1989. 1989 Spirit of Revolution.

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George H. W. Bush

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  1. George H. W.Bush Foreign Policy: Wait and See

  2. 1989: The Year of Miracles

  3. Tiananmen Square Demonstrations

  4. General Secretary Deng Xiaoping

  5. Tank Man

  6. Tiananmen Square Massacre

  7. Tiananmen Square

  8. Fall of the Berlin WallNovember 9, 1989

  9. 1989 Spirit of Revolution Fall of 1989: Berlin Crowds Gathered

  10. November 9, 1989 6:53 pm East German official commented on travel laws "Well, as far as I can see, ... straightaway, immediately."

  11. 10:30 pm (November 9, 1989)Berlin Border Opened

  12. Fall of the Berlin Wall

  13. Fall of the Berlin Wall

  14. Who helped to bring down the Berlin Wall?

  15. US Response: “A Pause” Why did Herby “pause?” • Working without US support • Fear of counter revolution • Might not work –look bad • Personal relationship with Gorbachev

  16. Berlin Wall Today

  17. Berlin Wall (Today) George H. W. Bush Library

  18. Berlin Wall (Las Vegas)

  19. German ReunificationOctober 3, 1990 Chancellor Helmut Kohl

  20. Thaw in the Cold War Continued

  21. Mikhail Gorbachev • Nobel Peace Prize (1990) • Ronald Reagan Freedom Award (1992) • Times Person of the Decade (1990) • Times Person of the Year (1987 and 1989)

  22. Washington SummitMay 30 – June 3, 1990 • Main Accomplishment: cut arms to Iraq

  23. Conventional Forces in Europe (CFE)November 19, 1990 Major turning point in American-Soviet relations Mandated the destruction of excess weaponry Cut conventional forces in Europe to the same levels US Win: Soviets had to cut more

  24. START I(Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty)July 31, 1991 Nuclear Missiles • US 7,200 • Soviets 6,000 • US Victory: US permitted to keep more missiles

  25. Soviet CoupAugust 18, 1991 Attempted to overthrow Gorbachev and instill a more hard-lined Communistic government

  26. President Bush did not accept coup leaders Coup lasted only 2 days and Gorbachev returned to power

  27. Russian President Boris Yeltsin • Yeltsin gives a speech defying the coup attempt, giving rise to his popularity

  28. Soviet Union Map

  29. Coup EndedAugust 18 - 21, 1991Gorbachev emerges from hiding

  30. Gorby Losing Power • After the coup attempt, soviet satellites began attempting to free themselves of the Soviet Union • All power swung to Yeltsin • Banned the Communist Party from Russia

  31. Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) December 8, 1991

  32. Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)

  33. End of the Soviet UnionDecember 25, 1991 Gorbachev resigns as leader of the SU

  34. START II(Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty)Signed 1993, Ratified 2000 Nuclear Warheads • US 3,500 • Russia 2,997 • US Win: US permitted to keep more warheads

  35. Causes for the Fall of the Soviet Union • Poor condition of Soviet economy • Excessive military spending • Gorbachev’s reforms – too good • Fall of the Berlin Wall

  36. Growing Drug Problems in the US Not Americans Whose Fault?

  37. Panamanian President Manuel Noriega • Drug Middleman • 1988 Florida charges • Problem • US Ally • Helped fight communism • Trained Contras initially then began to aid the Sandinistas • Grew in power in Panama and controlled military

  38. Operation Just Cause (Panama)December 20, 1989

  39. Operation Just Cause • 22,500 US troops (23 killed) • 27 targets involved • $1 billion in damages

  40. Capturing Noriega Hid in the Vatican Embassy

  41. President Manuel Noriega • Captured (1989) • Trial and Jail (1992) • 40 years, later 30 years • Released??? September 9, 2007

  42. Somalia • over 300,000 Somalis were killed in the famine and civil war

  43. Operation Restore HopeDecember 9, 1992 • 28,150 peacekeepers -ended famine

  44. Herby: A Foreign Policy Guru

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