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cdma2000 Air Interface Evolution Overview

cdma2000 Air Interface Evolution Overview. Dr. Edward Tiedemann (Qualcomm) Chair, 3GPP2 TSG- A C tsgac_chair@3gpp2.org. 3GPP2 Air Interface Evolution. IMT-2000 Technologies: MC-CDMA. 3G. 2G . 2000. 2004. 2006. 2010. HRPD Rev C. HRPD Rev 0. HRPD Rev A. HRPD

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cdma2000 Air Interface Evolution Overview

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  1. cdma2000 Air Interface Evolution Overview Dr. Edward Tiedemann (Qualcomm) Chair, 3GPP2 TSG-AC tsgac_chair@3gpp2.org

  2. 3GPP2 Air Interface Evolution IMT-2000 Technologies: MC-CDMA 3G 2G 2000 2004 2006 2010 HRPD Rev C HRPD Rev 0 HRPD Rev A HRPD Rev B IS-95-A • 9.6 & 14.4 kbps • Circuit & Packet Data • Smart Networks • FL-MIMO-OFDM • RL-MIMO • Multi-carrier • N x 4.9 Mbps FL2 • N x 1.8 Mbps RL • 2.4 Mbps FL • 153 kbps RL • BCMCS • 3.1 Mbps FL • 1.8 Mbps RL • BCMCS1 • 64 kbps PacketData N=3  FL: 14.7/9.3 Mbps, RL: 5.4 Mbps IS-95-B 2002 2002 2000 2004 2009 2012 1999 cdma2000 1x Rev B cdma2000 1x Rev D cdma2000 1x Rev C cdma2000 1x Rev E cdma2000 1x Rev F cdma2000 1x Rev A cdma2000 1x Rev 0 • ~2x voice capacity • 153.6 kbps FL/RL3 • 307.2 kbps FL/RL3 • Enhanced rate adaptation • CCSH4 • 2.4 Mbps FL packet channel • 3.1 Mbps FL • 1.8 Mbps RL • packet channel • BCMCS • ~3-4x voice capacity increase • Higher data capacity • M2M enhancements (see separate presentation) 1: Enhanced OFDM-based BCMCS 2: 4.9 Mbps per FL carrier with 64-QAM, 3.1 Mbps with 16-QAM 3: One supplemental channel 4: CCSH: Code combining soft handoff HRPD: High Rate Packet Data (EV-DO) N: Number of Carriers 1x Rev C and Rev D are 1xEV-DV 2

  3. cdma2000 1x Enhancements

  4. Increased Data Capacity with 1x-Adv Where EV-DO is Not Available • 1X Advanced: combination of 1x Rev E and EVRC NW 3x More Data Data Capacity • Up to 3x data capacity increase with 1X Advanced More Voice 1X Rev 0 1X Rev E (1x Advanced) Voice Capacity 4x* * Capacity increase possible with new codec (EVRC-NW), handset interference cancellation, and receive diversity; 3x without receive diversity; over cdma2000 Rev 0 and EVRC service option 3 4

  5. 1x Advanced Frees Up Spectrum for Data • Same voice capacity in one (1) quarter of the spectrum • Freed-up spectrum can be used for HRPDdata cdma2000 Rev 0 1X Advanced HRPD 5

  6. Up to 70% Increase in 1x Coverage 4x Up to 4xmorecapacity with same coverage as 1x Rev 0 Up to 70% larger coverage area with same capacity as 1x Rev 0 x x x 1x Advanced 1x Advanced 1X Rev 0 Capacity and Coverage Tradeoff Notes: Coverage is defined as the maximum area with less than 1% of the users in outage; Assumptions : 3GPP2 simulation frame work, embedded sector, with all the 1X Advanced new RC, receive diversity, FL and RL Interference cancellation.. Based on Qualcomm simulations. 6

  7. Brief Overview of 1x-Advanced Enhancements 1x-Advanced New Features Reduce Required Power Increase Voice Capacity * Part of 3GPP2 1x Rev. E and EVRC-NW (DTX) ** Implementation dependent QOF: Quasi Orthogonal Functions IC: Interference cancellation 7

  8. EVRC Family of Speech Codecs EVRC-NW 3.5-8.3/7.4 kbps SO73 C.S0014-D Combined NB and WB Codec CS DTX: additional Capacity gain Capacity Quality Regular Audio BW Wide Audio BW EVRC-WB7.4 kbpsSO70 C.S0014-C Superior wideband voice quality AADR not higher than EVRC EVRC-B 3.5-8.3 kbpsSO68 C.S0014-B AADR Dynamically Controlled Up to 40% Capacity gain over EVRC Quality Capacity EVRC 8.3 kbpsSO3 C.S0014 First codec standard EVRC SO3 C.S0014-A Interoperable bug fixing • All are variable rate • AADR: Active average data rate • SO: Service Option • NB: Narrowband • WB: Wideband • NW: Narrowband/Wideband • Regular is the same as narrowband • Bit exact code (C.R0014) • Minimum Performance Specifications (C.S0018) • Electro-Acoustic Recommended MPS (C.S0056, C.R0056) 8

  9. Better Voice Qualityfor Similar Capacity Higher Voice Quality for similar capacity Voice Quality 1x Rev 0 (EVRC) 1x Advanced (EVRC-NW (WB)) 1x Advanced (EVRC-NW (NB)) x 3.5x 4x Voice Capacity 9

  10. HRPD (EV-DO) Enhancements

  11. Smart Networks Exploit Typically Unevenly Loaded Networks Network loading continuously changes with time and location Fully loaded sectors are usually surrounded by lightly loaded neighbors Heavy Load Medium Load Light Load 11

  12. Smart Networks Increase Network Capacity and User Experience, Where & When Needed Can double network capacity and cell-edge data rates Smart Carrier Management Assigning carriers based on accurate load and location Network Load Balancing Utilizing unused capacity of lightly loaded neighbors Distributed Network Scheduler Users preferentially served by carriers that maximize capacity Single Carrier Multi-Link Leveraging multicarrier devices in single-carrier networks Low Load High Load Carrier # 2 Carrier# 1 12 Improvement depends on deployment, demand distribution and implementation. Apart from the above, Adaptive Frequency Reuse (aka Demand Matched Configuration) is also another Smart Network technique.

  13. DO Advanced Performance Improvement - Example Sample Cluster with Uneven Load Improved Performance During Loaded Conditions 1.5 1 0.5 Dist. in km 0 -0.5 -1 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 Dist. in km x 2x Relative Sector Load: 13 Note: The performance shown is for users in the central cells (with 2x load) . The increase depends on deployment, demand distribution and implementation

  14. DO Advanced Optimizes Performance of Heterogeneous Networks • DO Advanced techniques applied to networks with microcells, picocells, etc. Network Capacity (DL) 3.3X 1.7X Macro (1 Carrier) Picocell (2 carrier) 1X Macro Macro + Pico DO Advanced (Macro + Pico) Source: Qualcomm simulations. Assumes 1 single carrier macro, with 2 double carrier picocells. Picocells are randomly placed in the network. The data loading ratio of 4:1 between high-demand and low-demand areas 14

  15. Enhanced Connection Management Enhanced Connection Management Higher Connection -Capacity Better user Experience • Supports more interactive users such as “push-pull” mobile e-mail • Efficient use of paging and access channels • Better traffic congestion management • Improved “Always ON” experience • Improved battery life • Better user experience even during congestion 15

  16. Thank You! For more information, please visit http://www.3gpp2.org. 16

  17. cdma2000® is the trademark for the technical nomenclature for certain specifications and standards of the Organizational Partners (OPs) of 3GPP2. Geographically (and as of the date of publication), cdma2000® is a registered trademark of the Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA-USA) in the United States. 17

  18. Backup Slides

  19. EVRC Family of Codecs Mode Structures Vocoder Frame Interop via Service Option Control Message Negotiation is Possible Vocoder Hard Handoff via SO Negotiation EVRC-WB (SO70) EVRC-NW (SO73) Wideband Mode EVRC (SO3) COP0 COP0 EVRC-B (SO68) COP0 COP1 COP1 COP2 COP2 COP3 COP4 COP3 Narrowband Modes COP4 COP4 COP5 COP5 COP6 COP6 COP7 COP7 COP7 Eighth-Rate Smart Blanking on RC8/RC11 DTX SO: Service Option COP: Capacity Operating Point Higher Capacity Gain (Lower Average Data Rate) EVRC-B >> EVRCEVRC-B >> EVRC-WB > EVRC EVRC-B = EVRC-NW (NB Modes) >> EVRC EVRC-WB = EVRC-NW (WB Mode) with RC3/RC4 EVRC-NW with DTX over RC8/RC11 > EVRC-NW with RC3/RC4 19

  20. High-level Features – HRPD • HRPD Revision 0 • 2.4 Mbps Forward Link • 153.6 kbps Reverse Link • Multiple Personalities • RL silence interval and Busy bit • HRPD Revision A • 3.1 Mbps Forward Link • 1.8 Mbps Reverse Link • QoS for Multiple Flows • VoIP • RL MAC Enhancements • Dynamic Slot Cycle Index • Support for BCMCS • Fast Cell Selection • Reverse link Hybrid ARQ • Generic Attribute Update Protocol • HRPD Revision B • Multi-carrier (up to 20 MHz) • Higher peak rates (64-QAM) • Battery life enhancements • Quick Paging Channel • DTX and DRX • Flexible Duplex Band Support • Increased MAC Indices • Greater H-ARQ granularity • Emergency Call Support 20

  21. HRPD-Revision C(DO-Advanced) • Upper layer enhancements • Network Load Balancing • Single-Carrier Multilink • Connection Less data transfer • TDM’d connections • Multi-AT page message • Application-Layer Air-Link Encryption • Emergency Alerts • Femto-cell support • Support for Priority services • Physical layer enhancements • FL MIMO-OFDM • FL OFDMA • Higher RL data rates • RL MIMO • Closed-Loop MTD (AT side only) • Benefits • AN protocol upgrades at for substantial increase in Network Capacity and user experience • Enhanced performance for both existing and new devices • Increase number of simultaneous connections • Improved user experience everywhere in network • Higher Sector Capacity • Higher peak data rates for hot-spots and re-use scenarios 21

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