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From Chance to Choice

From Chance to Choice. The Human Genome Project St Austell 22 October 2002. The Birthmark by Nathaniel Hawthorne. Perfection? Science - Fantasy or Reality? Risky Business? Consequences - gambling with our future or securing a better future?. GATTACA Columbia Pictures.

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From Chance to Choice

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  1. From Chance to Choice The Human Genome Project St Austell 22 October 2002

  2. The Birthmarkby Nathaniel Hawthorne • Perfection? • Science - Fantasy or Reality? • Risky Business? • Consequences - gambling with our future or securing a better future?

  3. GATTACAColumbia Pictures ‘We now have discrimination down to a science’ ‘There is no gene for the human spirit’

  4. Assisted Reproductive Technology • Continuous development of new technologies • To try and improve ART • Expand availability of treatment

  5. ART - some facts • In the year 2000 there were about 572,800 ‘natural’ live births and 4,362 live births following ART: that is 0.76% • There are 68 clinics in the UK - over 95% of people pay for their treatment

  6. Is the choice safe? • Research and Development • Rarely established in other species • Often first try with human embryos • Few controlled randomised trials • Not sure if beneficial/long term effects

  7. Choosing your Child • Defining ‘disease’ and ‘disability’ • Pre-implantation genetic selection ‘diagnosis’ • Genetic ‘enhancement’ of embryos - why not? • patenting and commercialisation

  8. HFEA - Research Licence • Advances in infertility treatment • Knowledge about congenital disease • Knowledge about causes of miscarriage • Contraception • PGD • Knowledge about embryo development • Knowledge about serious disease • Developing treatment for serious disease

  9. The Cloning Issue • Does this present any greater unknown than the other ‘treatments’? • Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine 1997 (UK not signatory) • Suggested ban on • Cloning (human reproductive ban) • Sex Selection (except X linked diseases) • Creating embryos for research

  10. Stem Cell Research • Patient consent for research - for any use, altruistic? • Using ‘Spare’ embryos - why not? • Creating embryos for research • Cloning embryos for research

  11. From Chance to Choice? Where do we want to go from here?

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