Digital Dividend and Spectrum considerations

1. Digital Dividend and Spectrum considerations MrsIlham GHAZIRadiocommunation Engineer- Terrestrial Dept.

2. Overview • ITU actions vs BT and Broadband access (incl. IMTs), Benefits • Digital Dividend (s): • Challenges and International discussions (WRC) • Harmonization

3. ITU and digital broadcasting-GE06 Agreement Regional-- Radiocommunication Conference RRC-06-

4. Benefits of Digital TV • New possibilities to the viewers: • Additional number of programs • Reduction of transmission costs (Sharing infrastructure) • Additional reception modes: portable and mobile reception • Improve quality of image and sound including HDTV • Additional type of services: interactivity, Electronic Program Guides, etc. • For regulators: • Fair competition: To develop a terrestrial platform competitive with cable and satellite platforms • To be in line with GE06 Plan (as from 2015 no protection of analogue TV) • Spectrum: DTT is much more spectrally efficient than ATV because: • compression techniques MPEG2 and 4 • digital modulation (16 or 64 QAM) • DVB-T : 8 MHz carrier (multiplex) can carry 4/5/6 channels (SDTV) • New set-top boxes will be able to carry twice as much as current boxes (using MPEG4) • It offers up to 4 High Definition channels on a single multiplex (8 MHz)

5. Advantages of Digital TV Frequency saving!! Number of programs per multiplex for fixed reception with DVB-T 64-QAM-2/3-8K-GI 1/32 and DVB-T2-256-QAM-2/3-16K-GI 1/32 Source: EBU TECHNICAL REVIEW – 2009 Q4

6. Transition period –Art 12 of GE06 Agreement- The Transition period started on 17 June 2006 at 0001 hours UTC: • assignments in the analogue Plan (as specified in § 3.1.2 of Article 3) shall be protected. • The Transition period shall end : • VHF Band : • on 17 June 2015 at 0001 hours UTC; • on 17 June 2020 at 0001 hours UTC for the countries listed in GE06 Agreement • UHF Band : • on 17 June 2015 at 0001 hours UTC All countries

7. ITU and Mobile Broadband Access • A key priority of the ITU is to promote the delivery of equitable and affordable broadband access to the Internet — for everyone, in every community, however isolated geographically or economically • The expansion of broadband is a critical factor in meeting the United Nations MDGs.  Broadband commission for Digital development: ITU and UNOG (May 2010) • Concerning the MBA: • For the last 25 years, ITU has been coordinating the development of the global broadband multimedia international mobile telecommunication system, known as IMT. • Since 2000, the world has seen the introduction of the first family of standards derived from the IMT concept – IMT-2000 (commonly referred to as 3G). • 3G is now widely deployed and being rapidly enhanced (Wimax, HSPA, LTE…) ’4G’ : IMT-Advanced

8. ICT developments

9. Benefits of broadband access • Infrastructure: Simple telecommunications have served us well, but in the 21st century, the social and economic development of every country on Earth will depend upon broadband networks • Social: They are now as necessary a part of a nation’s infrastructure as roads and energy supplies, and potential for human progress - in delivering health services and in education is obvious. • Economical: Broadband also offers many other ways to advance development and generate economic activity. • Human: In addition, broadband networks can help us to manage climate change, natural disasters and other global crises.

10. ITU and MBA(DD Band) • WRC-07 identified the 790-862 MHz band for mobile in Europe, the Middle East and Africa • 3 new footnotes: • 5.316A (additional allocation to mobile (except aeronautical mobile) in some countries of Region 1) • 5.316B (allocation to the mobile (except aeronautical mobile) in whole Region 1 as from 17.06.2015) • Resolution 749 “Studies on the use of the band 790-862 MHz by mobile applications and by OS” • The result to be reported to the WRC-12 under agenda item 1.17 (Studies in ITU-R JTG 5-6). • A.I. 1.17 : to consider results of sharing studies between the mobile service and other services in the band 790-862 MHz in Regions 1 and 3, in accordance with Resolution 749 (WRC-07), to ensure the adequate protection of services to which this frequency band is allocated, and take appropriate action;

11. arrangements to take into account cumulative interference from MS to BS (draft MOD of Res. 739) A.I.1.17 (RPC)

12. distances (175-515 km) or - a coordination aggregate field strength threshold, for coordination subject to No. 9.21 as specified in Nos. 5.316A & 5.316B B1bis: same + details on No. 9.21 seeking agreement • Deactivate No. 9.21 in No. 5.316B, apply it under No. 5.316A until 16 June 2015. New Res. in No. 5.316B for consultations between ARNS ADM and MS base station ADM. A.I.1.17 (RPC)

13. A.I.1.17 (RPC)

14. Mobile in the UHF Band

15. Digital Dividend (s?) • Is the amount of spectrum in the frequency band 470-862 MHz to be released in the switchover from analogue to digital TV, at latest at the end of the transition period 2015 (GE06 Agreement). • The concerned frequency band is 790-862 MHz • New DD? 694-790 MHz band (second digital dividend for Mobile?) • The TV broadcasting industry would like to retain all of this spectrum to develop and enhance its services in DVB-T, Standard and High Definition TV, SDTV and HDTV, 3DTV... • Mobile industry would like to use the upper part for mobile broadband

16. When Digital Dividend 2?? • The possible use of the 700 MHz band for Wireless Broadband requires an international agreement • At WRC-12, 700 MHz for IMT would have to be included in items to be covered at WRC15 (agenda item 8.2) • ITU Study Group would then carry out studies • WRC-15 would make a decision

17. Why this bands (700 and 800 MHz)? The best spectrum for rural and suburban areas is in the lower frequency bands: • very good propagation characteristics • supports wider geographic coverage: • Operators need fewer cells at lower frequencies; Ex. 3G at 700 MHz needs about 30% of cells to offer the same coverage as 3G at 2100 MHz. • approximately 70% cheaper to provide mobile broadband coverage over a given geographic area using UHF spectrum than with the 2100MHz spectrum Less spectrum for mobile operations  smaller cells  more installations  higher costs

18. Stop fighting. It is MY decision !! I need it!! I’d like to keep it! DD1 DD2 Broadcaster Operator Regulator

19. ITU and Frequency Harmonization • To the extent possible, ITU-R has sought to harmonize the use of these bands on a global basis, although in some of these bands and in some parts of the world such harmonization has not been able to be achieved due to conflicting requirements for other radio services. • Global harmonization of spectrum bands and standards across the GSM family has been a fundamental factor behind the success of the mobile telecommunications industry. • Benefits, including economies of scale, international roaming and interoperability, are now so ingrained that they are taken for granted, but all rely on the existence of open standards and harmonized spectrum bands. • Can decrease terminal costs by 50% (also offer better performing phones, more choice) • Enables global roaming • Reduces the complexity of the radio design • Reduces interference with adjacent services and helps managing cross-border interference…

20. Broadband Targets for 2015 • The Broadband Commission has set four clear, new targets for making broadband policy universal and for boosting affordability and broadband uptake: • Target 1: Making broadband policy universal. By 2015, all countries should have a national broadband plan or strategy or include broadband in their Universal Access / Service Definitions. • Target 2: Making broadband affordable. By 2015, entry-level broadband services should be made affordable in developing countries through adequate regulation and market forces (amounting to less than 5% of average monthly income). • Target 3: Connecting homes to broadband. By 2015, 40% of households in developing countries should have Internet access. • Target 4: Getting people online. By 2015, Internet user penetration should reach 60% worldwide, 50% in developing countries and 15% in LDCs.

21. While voice traffic on mobile networks is growing at a relatively constant rate, there is a very rapid increase in the volume of data traffic. • This increase is being accelerated by the introduction of a growing array of advanced multimedia devices and applications. • The overall amount of spectrum identified for IMT does not meet the amount spectrum estimated as being required by 2020 in the ITU studies. Also, in some cases harmonization of the bands on a global basis has not been achieved. Future spectrum needs for MBAs

22. Regulatory aspects • In terms of possible changes to the Radio Regulations to support the demand for global mobile broadband, it should be noted that: • the timing between WRC’s is around 3-4 years • the agenda of a WRC is developed by the preceding WRC. • Consequently a number of ITU Member States are now considering proposals for WRC-12 to add an item to the WRC-15 agenda to address future spectrum requirements for mobile broadband.

23. Article 5 of RRWill it change???

24. Act earlier,you will be safer! • Anticipate • Digital TV deployment is happening now. Ignoring the DDs reality will lead to more expensive and complex solutions to later allow mobile: • More set-top boxes will require changing or upgrading and consumer antennas might be changed • More re-planning of broadcasting networks will be needed (coverage, interference, antennas…) • These will all add time and uncertainty • Avoid high costs and loss of time • Mobile operators have plans to deploy LTE in 2013/2014 , and 694-790 MHz band, likely to be the second digital dividend for Mobile. Therefore: • Planify TV on channels 21-48 • Harmonize!

25. Any questions? Government? Regulator DD1 DD2 BT MO Ilham.ghazi@itu.int www.itu.int