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7. 0.12. 6. 0.1. 5. 0.08. 4. 0.06. LOG10 MAGNITUDE. 3. 0.04. 2. 0.02. 1. 0. 0. 0. 0.1. 0.2. 0.3. 0.4. 0.5. 0. 1000. 2000. 3000. 4000. 5000. TIME (SEC). FREQUENCY (HZ). Figure 2.30b. Cepstrum of original voice. Figure 2.30a. PSD of original voice. 0.12. 0.12. 0.1.

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  1. 7 0.12 6 0.1 5 0.08 4 0.06 LOG10 MAGNITUDE 3 0.04 2 0.02 1 0 0 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 TIME (SEC) FREQUENCY (HZ) Figure 2.30b. Cepstrum of original voice. Figure 2.30a. PSD of original voice. 0.12 0.12 0.1 0.1 0.08 0.08 0.06 0.06 Peaks removed here 0.04 0.04 0.02 0.02 0 0 0 0.005 0.01 0.015 0.02 0 0.005 0.01 0.015 0.02 TIME (SEC) TIME (SEC) Figure 2.30c. Cepstrum (expanded scale). Figure 2.30d. Comb-liftered cepstrum of 2.30c. 7 4.5 Original. Spectrum Aspiration Spectrum 6 4 5 4 3.5 3 LOG10 MAGNITUDE LOG10 MAGNITUDE 3 Nonperiodic Spectrum 2 2.5 1 Fitted model 0 2 -1 Vocal tract Transfer Function -2 1.5 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 FREQUENCY (HZ) FREQUENCY (HZ) Figure 2.30f. Source aspiration PSD with vocal tract removed and fitted to 25-point piecewise-linear model. Figure 2.30e. Orig. PSD, aspiration PSD, and vocal tract.

  2. 7 6 5 4 3 RELATIVE POWER (LOG10 MAGNITUDE) 2 1 0 -1 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 FREQUENCY (HZ) Figure 2.31. Power spectra of original voice (top), voice with FM tremor removed (middle), and voice with all FM removed (bottom).

  3. 0 LEGEND ORIGINAL (TOP) ORIGINAL, AM RMVD -5 TREMOR RMVD (MIDDLE) TERMOR RMVD, AM REMVD ALL FM RMVD (BOTTOM) ALL FM RMVD, AM REMVD -10 -15 NSR (dB) -20 -25 -30 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 CASE# - SORTED BY ASCENDING ORIGINAL NSR Figure 2.32. Cepstral NSR measurements for six combinations of AM and FM demodulation. The horizontal axis is case number when cases are sorted by original voice NSR. Curves fall into 3 groups: original voice and original voice AM demod. (top pair), tremor demod. and tremor plus AM demod. (middle pair), and all FM demod. and all FM demod. plus AM demod. (bottom pair). AM modulation appears to have a minimal effect.

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