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Physical Properties

Physical Properties. Mrs. Johnson's Class. What is the BIG idea. Matter has properties that can be changed by Physical and chemical processes. Physical Properties. Characteristics you can observe without changing the identity of the substance. Color. Size. Shape.

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Physical Properties

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  1. Physical Properties Mrs. Johnson's Class

  2. What is the BIG idea • Matter has properties that can be changed by Physical and chemical processes.

  3. Physical Properties • Characteristics you can observe without changing the identity of the substance Color Size Shape

  4. How to find physical properties touch • Use your 5 senses Smell Taste Hear See

  5. *Examples of Physical properties* • Mass and Volume • Thermal Conductivity • State • Density • Solubility • Ductility • Malleability

  6. Thermal Conductivity: • The rate at which a substance transfers heat Strong conductor Poor conductor

  7. State • The physical form in which a substance exists. Such as a solid, liquid, or gas. Ice is water in a solid state.

  8. Solubility Kool-aid • The ability of a substance to dissolve in another substance.

  9. Ductility • The ability of a substance to be pulled into a wire. • Example Copper

  10. Malleability • The ability of a substance to be rolled or pounded into thin sheets • Example Sulfar and Gold

  11. Density • The measure of how light or heavy something is for its size. • Density is measured by dividing an object’s mass by its volume. Which ball takes up more space? Which ball has the most mass? Which of these ball do you think is the most densest?

  12. Density and Liquids • Liquids have different densities • Liquids that are least dense will float To the top. • Liquids that are most dense will sink To the bottom. • Water’s density is 1. • Find a liquid with a density greater • Than Dawn Dish Soap. • Find a liquid with a density less than water

  13. Density and Solids • Which would you carry all day? • A bag full of Tomatoes or a Bag full of Cotton balls

  14. Guess What! • The cotton balls and Tomatoes actually have the same mass! • *WHAT!!! • Remember , because mass is the amount of matter. • Matter is the amount of space an object takes up.

  15. So……… • *That means • Cotton balls and Tomatoes take up about the same amount of space!

  16. BUT…. • Cotton is much less dense than the tomatoes. • Remember density the amount of matter in a given space. The purple circles represent how much space that is available (volume) the black stars represent the amount of matter in that space.

  17. Guess What? • Knowing the density of a substance can tell you if the substance will float or sink in water!

  18. Solving for Density • To find the objects Density (D) • Measure the Mass (m) and Volume (V) • D= m/V • The units for a solid may be g/cm3 and kg/m3.

  19. Calculating Density • A glass marble has a volume of 5cm3, mass of 13g. What is the density of the glass?

  20. Always Follow these steps when solving for density • What do you know? V= 5cm3 and M=13g • What do you need to know? Density • What formula are you using? D=m/v D * V M

  21. The hard part is done! • Substitute numbers into formula D=13g/ 5cm3 • Calculate and Simplify: D= 2.6g/cm3

  22. How to use the formula Triangle • Cover your finger over the letter you are looking for. • If finger covers D that means m/v • If finger covers M that means D*V • If finger covers V that means m/D

  23. Tip for your kitchen • The density of an egg decreases as it ages because as it spoils it loses water. If the egg floats it may be spoiled!!

  24. Physical Changes • A physical change changes one or more physical properties. • PHYSICAL CHANGES DO NOT CHANGE THE SUBSTANCE • Too break it down to you better, if an object goes through a physical change the object’s identity doesn’t change!

  25. Physical change Example Piece of Gold Gold Necklace What Changed? The shape of the substance What didn’t Change? The fact that it is still gold

  26. P.C Example 2 Water Ice

  27. Taking it old school… • Do you remember Weathering from Earth Science? • Physical Weathering Breaking down Rocks • Did the identity change? • What changed?

  28. More examples of Physical changes • Crushing a can • Breaking a Pencil • Melting Butter • Dissolving Sugar in Water • Erosion • Add three examples on your own paper. Be prepared to share.

  29. What does physical properties and change have in common? • A physical change such as slicing An apple changes the shape of The apple but NOT the identify of The apple .

  30. Let’s Review ( Input this information on Edmodo) • What physical properties do the following have in common? • Which physical properties are different? • A glass marble has a volume of 5cm3 and a mass of 13g. What is the density? • How are physical properties and physical changes related?

  31. Stop Here Please • You should have written your notes on the cornell notes side (left) • Place your review questions on Edmodo • Include any confusions you may have had from these notes • Do not do the right side reflection side just yet.

  32. Chemical Properties New section in your table of contents and your notes

  33. Standards • S8P1.d: distinguish between physical and chemical properties of matter as physical or chemical. • S8P1.e distinguish between changes in matter as physical or chemical.

  34. Which would you use? • To keep the fire going would you use Wood or a piece of iron? Why?

  35. Chemical properties • Chemical Properties describe how substances can form a new substance.

  36. Example • Flammability or Combustibility • The ability of a substance to burn!

  37. Example 2 • Reactivity The ability of 2 or more substances combined and form one or more substances • Iron + Oxygen = Rust • Iron from an old car reacts with oxygen will cause car to rust.

  38. Example 3 • Antacid tablet dropped into a glass of water. • As the tablet dissolves bubbles appear this is carbon dioxide forming bubbles.

  39. Chemical Change • When one or more substances are changed into new substances that are new and have different properties

  40. Chemical Changes Can be Yummy! After you bake the batter you come up with something totally different.

  41. *YUMMY ( Mrs. Johnson Wedding Cake) • The heat and the interaction of the ingredients cause a chemical change that is yummy! • The result is a cake and the properties between the batter and the cake changed!

  42. Signs of Chemical Change • Soured Milk: bacteria in milk has formed causing the milk to chemically change. • Change in color: when a fruit ripens • Change in odor: sour milk • Fizzing and foaming: POPROCKS IN COKE • Change in temperature:

  43. Comparing Physical and Chemical PROPERTIES Physical Change Chemical Change It is hard to observe unless it is actually happening. Example: You can see if wood is flammable by burning it. • You can observe physical properties. • Example: changing the shape of wood

  44. Difference between Chemical Change and properties Chemical Change Chemical Properties Determines whether a chemical change will happen • Occurs when one or more substances are changed to something new!

  45. Physical Change vs Chemical change Physical Chemical Chemical Change alters the substance. Wood burned turns to ashes ( something totally different) Very difficult to reverse a chemical change. You can’t unbake a cake back to the original ingredients. • Physical change doesn’t change the composition. • Wood cut in half is still wood! • You can reverse a physical change. ( ice melted in water, but you can refreeze the water and turn it back to ice)

  46. Things to Do after completing your cornell notes • Check out the video • Check out the video and see if you can guess if the changes were physical or chemical http://www.bcscience.com/bc9/pgs/videos_012_chemchange.html • Check out this youtube video ( we will learn this song) except the lame dancing) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VnbTQupMjO8

  47. Review submit to Edmodo 1.Why is burning wood a chemical change? 2.Is popping popcorn a physical or chemical change explain your reasoning.

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