The Source Book (1...) Natural ventilation for offices

1. The Source Book (1...)Natural ventilation for offices The NatVent products PUBLICATIONS The demand for natural ventilation is growing day by day. Natural ventilation can be suitable for up to 80% of office-type buildings in the UK and continental Europe. Of course no two buildings are the same, and there are a number of perceived barriers to natural ventilation which designers, developers and building owners need to overcome. This new Guide provides answers to these issues. It will help you to: • select the right solution for a building • be confidant that your strategy will work • sell the concept to colleagues and clients The Source Book Monitoring Reports The Summary Reports The Detailed Reports DESIGN TOOLS The NatVent program The NiteCool program The NavIAQ program Design tool for night cooling inlets Design tool for urban air inlets NatVent

2. The Source Book (2|)Natural ventilation for offices For more information contact Jane Butcher at BRE Tel: +44 (0)1923 664877 Fax: +44 (0)1923 664796 Contents • Why natural ventilation? • the background • the benefits • Hot weather and natural ventilation • cooling by design • is pollution a problem? • what about older buildings • Ventilation in winter • indoor air quality • ventilation strategies • heat recovery……. • Putting it all together • the site and the building • new buildings and retrofit • hardware • commissioning • Looking to the future • pollution control

3. Monitoring reports (1...)The summary reports In the framework of Work Package 2 of the NatVent project, 19 naturally ventilated buildings were monitored in summer and winter. For each building, the results of the monitoring campaigns are reported in two reports: • a summary report • a detailed report The 4 pages summary folders contain • a description of the building • a description of the ventilation system and the ventilation technology • a short presentation of some monitoring results • conclusions, improvements & recommendations

4. You can read and print pdf-files with the Acrobat® Reader ®3.0. Program. This program is free. Download it from the Acrobat web site: www.adobe.com OR run the installation file ar32e301(1).exe in the directory \Installation Monitoring reports (2|)The summary reports You can find the PDF-files of the summary reports of the 19 buildings in the directory \Reports \Monitoring Reports \Summary Reports on this CD-R.

5. Monitoring reports (1...)The detailed reports In the framework of Work Package 2 of the NatVent project, 19 naturally ventilated buildings were monitored in summer and winter. For each building, the results of the monitoring campaigns are reported in two reports: • a summary report • a detailed report The detailed reports contains all information of the monitoring campaigns: description of set-up of the monitoring equipment, monitoring periods, several charts with monitoring results, detailed analysis of the results, etc. NatVent

6. You can read and print pdf-files with the Acrobat® Reader ®3.0. Program. This program is free. Download it from the Acrobat web site: www.adobe.com OR run the installation file ar32e301(1).exe in the directory \Installation Monitoring reports (2|)The detailed reports For each building, you can find the PDF-files of the detailed report in the directory \Reports \Monitoring Reports \Summary Reports. This directory contains also the Final Monitoring Report (final monitoring report.pdf). This documents contains • a description of the monitoring protocol that was used in all monitoring campaigns • 8 key-messages and conclusions

7. The NatVent program (1...) The NatVent program was developed within the NatVent project as a pre-design tool for natural ventilation. • The NatVent program calculates the indoor air temperature and the ventilation rate in a building. • One of the key issues is to enable the use of the program early in the design process. Therefore the program uses input that is easy to quantify, even at an early stage in the design process. • When a calculation is made, the program draws graphs of the indoor air temperature and the ventilation rate. • The program uses a single-zone model coupling an air flow algorithm with a thermal algorithm. • The program is designed to be used by architects and engineers.

8. The NatVent program (2...) The interface

9. You can read and print pdf-files with the Acrobat® Reader ®3.0. Program. This program is free. Download it from the Acrobat web site: www.adobe.com OR run the installation file ar32e301(1).exe in the directory \Installation The NatVent program (3|) You can find all files of the NatVent program in the directory \Design Tools\The NatVent program: \Guide & fundamentals: pdf-files of the User’s Guide and the Fundamentals. \Installation files: run Setup.exe to install the NatVent program \Weather files: place the weather files in a directory called \Weather in the NatVent directory The NatVent program was developed within the NatVent project as a pre-design tool for natural ventilation. It is a free-ware distributed on this CD-R.

10. The NiteCool program (1...) logo • Pre-design software tool for • architects and designers • quick and easy to use • NiteCool • investigates variations in • internal heat gains • ventilation rates • occupancy patterns • external temperatures • compares energy consumption and comfort benchmarks….. • features mechanical systems, natural ventilation and active cooling systems • adjusts design parameters to meet comfort/energy consumption criteria…. • studies different weather scenarios • results and parametric analysis displayed in graph form

11. The NiteCool program (2...) logo logo The interface

12. The NiteCool program (3|) logo • NiteCool enables the user to • investigate the feasibility of using natural ventilation to improve summer comfort levels • assess a range of night cooling strategies… • select a cooling strategy early in the design stage • make informed decisions on the construction, opening configuration and operation of a building….. • For more information contact Jane Butcher at BRE • Tel: +44 (0)1923 664877 • Fax: +44 (0)1923 664796 You can find all files of the NatVent program in the directory \Design Tools\NiteCool: \Guide & fundamentals: to add (BRE) !! \Installation files: run Setup.exe to install the NiteCool program

13. The NavIAQ program (1...) NaVIAQ simulates ventilation flow rates and CO2 concentrations in a floor of an office building . • Applications: • test of ventilation strategies • sizing of ventilation openings • proving the system performance • check a pressure hierarchy • effect of air tightness of the building envelope • effect of wind direction and wind speed • spread of pollutants (CO2 exhaled by inhabitants) • time aspect of IAQ • …..

14. The NavIAQ program (2...) The input window

15. The NavIAQ program (3|) You can find all files of the Nat program in the directory \Design Tools\NavIAQ: \User’s Guide: NaVIAQ Manual.pdf. You can read and print this reports with the Acrobat® Reader ®3.0. Program. (www.adobe.com) \Installation files: run Setup.exe to install the NavIAQ program • NaVIAQ input: • window and door positions • ventilation openings • self regulating openings • mechanical flow rates • meteo wind and temperature • number of persons per room • different settings for other rooms • NaVIAQ output: • pressure differences • ventilation flow rates • air change rates • the course of CO2 • ventilation energy loss

16. Graphical design tool for sizing night cooling openings (1...) • A set of simple design equations is derived from a large series of simulation runs. The indoor temperatures of an office during the Dutch reference year is calculated for all kind of buildings, internal heat gains and ventilation system designs. • From these data series the dimensions of the effective opening for night ventilation is derived as a function of internal heat gain, solar protection system, mass of the building, control strategy and type of ventilation (single sided, cross, and fan assisted systems). These equations are used to construct the Graphical Design Tool (see figure on next slide).

17. Graphical design tool for sizing night cooling openings (2|) • The Graphical Design Tool and the user’s instructions are given in the document 3.4_night cooling.pdf. • You can find this document in the directory \Reports\Technological solutions You can read and print pdf-files with the Acrobat® Reader ®3.0. Program. This program is free. Download it from the Acrobat web site: www.adobe.com OR run the installation file ar32e301(1).exe in the directory \Installation

18. Design tool for sizing urban air inlets (1...) • A common barrier when adopting natural ventilation in buildings located in urban environments is the potential exposure to external pollutants. Whilst mechanical ventilation systems can draw air through cleaning filters the driving pressures associated with naturally ventilated buildings are too low. • A strategy suitable for naturally ventilated buildings includes, identifying sources of pollution surrounding buildings and positioning air inlet devices in a sensible way.

19. Design tool for sizing urban air inlets (2|) The NatVent products PUBLICATIONS • In the framework of Work Package 3.1 an interactive design tool has been developed. The interactive design tool: • identifies all urban sources of pollution • indicates how different ventilation approaches will determine the type of pollution control features required within air inlets • calculates appropriate opening areas. • The design tool is based on an Excel sheet. You can find the Excel sheet SizeTool_95.xls in the Directory: \Design Tools\ Urban Air Inlets Moreover you can use the interactive presentation: go back to the main page and select: Smart Technology Systems  Activity 3.1 The Source Book Monitoring Reports The Summary Reports The Detailed Reports DESIGN TOOLS The NatVent program The NiteCool program The NavIAQ program Design tool for night cooling inlets Design tool for urban air inlets NatVent