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Comparing Technologies for Cost- Effective Emission Reduction

Comparing Technologies for Cost- Effective Emission Reduction . Colin Scoins, Director of Development, Generation, E.ON UK British-Norwegian CCS Workshop, 23 rd April, London . Climate challenge. IEA 2006 default policy scenario .

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Comparing Technologies for Cost- Effective Emission Reduction

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  1. Comparing Technologies for Cost- Effective Emission Reduction Colin Scoins, Director of Development, Generation, E.ON UK British-Norwegian CCS Workshop, 23rd April, London

  2. Climate challenge IEA 2006 default policy scenario • By 2030 Global CO2 emissions will be 70% higher than they are today • We must find ways to curb emissions growth from the developing world Introduction to CCS April 2008 Clean Coal

  3. E.ON is committed to reducing its CO2 emissions E.ON’s specific CO2 emissions in t/MWh • Involves all technologies (with major renewables investment) • Internal modelling suggests CCS is needed (post 2020) in all scenarios • If there is no significant nuclear build, CCS becomes a major part of the portfolio. 0.72 - 50 % 0.49 ~ 0.36 1990 2006 Target 2030 • 50% reduction of CO2 emissions compared to 1990 baseline • Reduction of CO2 emissions down to 0.36 t/MWh by 2030 Introduction to CCS April 2008 Clean Coal

  4. The UK Generation Capacity Problem • By end 2015 the UK will see ~23 GW of plant closures (LCPD and nuclear life expiry) – 30% of UK capacity. Further nuclear closures likely 2016-2020 • With no new build, demand may exceed supply in winter peaks ~ 2011 • Purely building CCGTS is not an option • UK will not meet long term CO2 emission targets • UK will be>75% gas dependent. • Must remember new build stations will last ~40 years E.ON graph based on NGT 7 year plan • 23 GW of generating plant will need to be replaced by 2015 Introduction to CCS April 2008 Clean Coal

  5. E.ON is active across a across all areas Renewables Better Fuel use • Wind • Hydro • Biomass • Enhanced Efficiency • CHP • Micro-CHP Demand Reduction • Carbon Capture • and Storage • Nuclear New Large Scale Generation Technologies • Energy efficiency • Insulation • Smart metering Introduction to CCS April 2008 Clean Coal

  6. McKinsey view of abatement technologies • CCS is in the mix with other needed carbon abatement methods • CCS costs will fall as the technology matures Introduction to CCS April 2008 Clean Coal

  7. No one technology is a winner Security of Energy Supply Affordability £/MWh CO2 emissions t/MWh Other risks Lifecycle Output 0.39 Proven technology Limited reserves & number of regional fuel suppliers 0.38 CCGT ? Developing technology - technical risk 0.04 CCGT + CCS Very large reserves in liquid global market 0.70 Proven technology 0.76 Supercrit ? 0.09 Developing technology - technical risk Coal + CCS Free fuel but intermittent output Proven Technology, limited site availability 0.01 0 Onshore Wind Developing technology - technical risk 0 0.03 Offshore Wind Public acceptability Low cost fuel from stable sources 0.02 0 Nuclear Demand reduction will bolster security of supply Often just the cost of mobilisation -x -x Mobilisation is the primary hurdle Energy Efficiency • We need a range of technologies and one of them is CCS Introduction to CCS April 2008 Clean Coal

  8. The Case For Carbon Capture and Storage 1 CO2 Reductions • Reduces fossil fuel plant emissions by 90% • Applicable to coal based economies such as India and China which are driving world emissions growth. 2 Security of Energy Supply • Coal based CCS gives security of energy supply, coal can be stored & freely traded • Coal+CCS allows the continued burning of coal in a carbon constrained world • Only option for a baseload fossil-fuelled future 3 Affordability • CCS carries a cost penalty over unabated plant • Cost competitive form of carbon abatement • CCS is vital to solve the global trilemma Introduction to CCS April 2008 Clean Coal

  9. FutureGen OxyCoal CASTOR 3 different CCS technologies under development 1 Pre Combustion Capture (IGCC1)Coal gasification, CO-shift, hydrogen production and hydrogen combustion in a H2 gas turbine 2 Oxyfuel Burning fossil fuels in oxygen (and recycled flue gas) 3 Post Combustion CaptureCO2 capture from power plant flue gas (scrubbing process) Introduction to CCS April 2008 Clean Coal 1-Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle

  10. Post Combustion Capture Chilled Ammonia • Innovative post combustion capture technology using chilled ammonia • Cooperation between E.ON Nordic and ALSTOM • Pilot Plant in Karlshamn Power Station • Flue Gas (7,5 MWth) of an oil-fuelled Aux. Boiler • Total Budget: ~7Mio. € • Start-of-Operation mid 2008 Small Scale amines CASTOR/CESAR European consortium testing post combustion technologies at an existing coal fired power plant (1 t CO2/h, different solvents, maintenance and material costs) CATOTesting of post combustion technologies at existing coal fired power plant, solvent tests, membrane contactors, start of operation mid 2008 Projects have also been announced with Siemens and Hitachi Introduction to CCS April 2008 Clean Coal

  11. FutureGen • Public-private partnership to build a 275 MW IGCC plant with CCS • Multiple site and CO2 sink options still being considered. • All sinks are onshore saline aquifer formations • Project currently under review due to funding issues Killingholme, E.ON UK • Single unit IGCC+CCS, net output estimated at 370 MW • Pre-FEED study completed Sept 07 • Highly promising net efficiency of circa 36-37% • 90% CO2 capture is achievable • Ideal storage sites identified in depleted gas fields in SNS • Development currently suspended due to the UK Government’s decision to fund only post-combustion CCS COORIVA • E.ON is involved in the EU-funded COORIVA FP6 project which is looking at solutions for the development of an IGCC power plant demo project (CO2 capture, “State of the art IGCC full scale technology”, H2 turbine, coal gasification and gas treatment) Pre Combustion Capture projects (IGCC) Introduction to CCS April 2008 Clean Coal

  12. Oxyfuel Combustion projects- Full scale single burner Full Scale burner Oxyfuel UK Phase II- • Innovative 40MWth oxycoal Doosan Babcock burner test rig • Operational 2008/9 • E.ON will have access to tests and significant budget to monitor them • 1 MWth E.ON test rig at Ratcliffe, UK will underpin the large scale testing by studying deposition and corrosion Small Scale Oxyfuel projects ADECOSDevelopment of components for an coal/lignite fired power plant with O2/CO2 atmosphere (burner, CO2 capture, preparation pilot plant) Oxycoal AachenComponent development for a coal fired power plant with O2/CO2 atmosphere (high temperature membrane for air separation, burner, turbo components) Introduction to CCS April 2008 Clean Coal

  13. Studies, Tests Design & Construction Operation E.ON Progressive Deployment Vision 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 New solvents& processes Small innovative pilot 1 MW Post Combustion Large innovative pilot 30…60 MW Feasibility 300 MW Amine scrubber UK FutureGen 275 MW US Pre Combustion ADECOS Pilot OxyfuelTechnology Laboratory OXYCOAL 10 MW CCS Projects & Pilot CO2 Storage Screening Exploration • The deployment vision will enable E.ON to roll out CCS in 2020 • By 2020 the EU ETS price needs to be high enough to drive investments in CCS Introduction to CCS April 2008 Clean Coal

  14. UK Government Competition for Subsidy • To support CCS, HMG have launched a Competition for Subsidy • HMG will support up to 100% of the capital and operating cost of the CCS demo. Demo plant support criteria: • 300MW scale, Operational by 2014 • Utilise post-combustion capture on a supercritical coal plant • Store CO2 offshore in UK waters Timescales • HMG competition will accelerate the development of CCS • Hopefully funding from other MS/ EU Commission will be forthcoming Introduction to CCS April 2008 Clean Coal

  15. Large scale post-combustion capture entry into UK Government CCS Competition • Up to 300MWe amine scrubber fitted to one of the planned 2x800MW supercritical coal-fired units at Kingsnorth • Capturing circa 2.5Mt/y CO2 • CO2 storage in the Southern North Sea • Offshore pipeline transport • If bid successful, project operational 2014 at the earliest • Kingsnorth could be capturing and storing CO2 by 2014 Introduction to CCS April 2008 Clean Coal

  16. Conclusion • We need a range of technologies to meet our CO2 reduction challenge • CCS is one of the key tools in that armoury • Too early to choose the winning CCS technology Introduction to CCS April 2008 Clean Coal

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