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Perspective on the Smart Grid

Perspective on the Smart Grid. Vladimiro Miranda IEEE Fellow Director, INESC Porto Professor, FEUP. Introduction. Driving forces for the development of the electric energy systems:

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Perspective on the Smart Grid

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  1. Perspective on the Smart Grid Vladimiro Miranda IEEE Fellow Director, INESC Porto Professor, FEUP

  2. Introduction • Driving forces for the development of the electric energy systems: • 1) Environmental issues: meet Kyoto protocol targets (reduce emissions by replacing fossil generation by zero emission generation, reduce network losses), minimize visual impacts and land use. • 2) Replacement of old infrastructures(generation and grid) • 3) Security of Supply • 4) Increase quality of service(more automation and remote control) • 5) Electricity market liberalization(energy and services) • 1) Increase renewable generation, exploit clean coal technologies, CCGT and others • 2) Increase Distributed Generation • 3) Increase Demand Side Participation (increase load consumptionefficiency) Lisboa / Ciência 2009

  3. Introduction: The Vision for the Future From “Smart Grids – Vision and Strategy for Europe’s Electricity Networks of the Future” Lisboa / Ciência 2009

  4. What has to change? • New paradigmas are under development Current distribution grid management practice needs to be changed frompassive to active Lisboa / Ciência 2009

  5. New Solutions: New management / control structures • Virtual Power Plants should be developed and installed, involving new functionalities - wind park and DG dispatch centers, including forecasting. Lisboa / Ciência 2009

  6. New Control Architectures (Distribution Grid) DMS – Distribution Management System CAMC – Central Autonomous Management Controller MGCC – MicroGrid Central Controller RTU – Remote Terminal Unit Lisboa / Ciência 2009

  7. New commercial and technical management solutions: Smart metering Lisboa / Ciência 2009

  8. What is expectable from a SmartGrid? • Definition: A SmartGrid is an electricity network that can intelligently integrate the actions of all users connected to it - generators, consumers and those that do both - in order to efficiently deliver sustainable, economic and secure electricity supplies. • Main characteristics of a SmartGrid • Two way communication everywhere • Extensive use of sensors • Control over power flows • Adaptive protections, semi automated restoration, self healing, • System capacity extension to the limits (dynamic monitoring) • Large penetration of DG and intermittent power sources (millions of mgenerators) • Full price information, dynamic tariffs, active demand response • Integrated demand side automation. Increased efficiency of operation Lisboa / Ciência 2009

  9. Smart Grid and Open System Communication Architecture Throughanopensystemsarchitecture, a commoncommunicationssystemcanbesharedbyallcomponentsthatplugintoit. TheSmartGridisaboutenablingtherightinformationattherighttime to therightpeople Lisboa / Ciência 2009

  10. Conclusions The integration, of large shares of renewable energy sources and the need to increase efficiency of operation in electric power systems require a set of new technical solutions and operational rules, where IT technologies will play a key role. The Smart Grid will allow: • Management of congestion problems; • Reduction of network losses; • Reduction of CO2 emissions; • Increase in Quality of Service; • Load profile management for market participation; • DG, microgeneration and demand to participate in markets and helping system operators to manage the system; • Increased grid technical operation performance: • Easier future extension to the V2G concept. Lisboa / Ciência 2009

  11. Conclusions Barriers – opportunities – enabling actions: • Need for large investments; • Tremendous opportunities for the industry and for nation economic development; • Identify and evaluate the economics of the deployment; • Allow the recognition by the regulators of incurred costs on developing the smart grid concept (indirect incentives) – regulatory issue; • Development of projects with large involvements from SO and industrial manufacturers; Increase research; Lisboa / Ciência 2009

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