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In Standard English, please. At the back of the bus, two teenagers are engaged in a conversation. Safe man says one Dis my yard. It’s laahhk , nang , innit ? What endz you from? You’re looking buff in them low batties . Article from The Independent Sunday Magazine.
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In Standard English, please... At the back of the bus, two teenagers are engaged in a conversation. Safe mansays one Dis my yard. It’s laahhk, nang, innit? What endz you from? You’re looking buff in them low batties. Article from The Independent Sunday Magazine
This is a significant example of non-standard English because... • It provides examples of youth street slang • Attempts to explain its origin and how it has spread • Gives some insight into attitudes to change.
Forms of Variation • Phonological: differences in pronunciation patterns, often focused upon particular phonemes, for example the use of the glottal stop. • Lexical: Alternative and additional words within a particular variety, for example the word ‘mush’ as a colloquial word for friend in some Southern regional dialects. • Orthological: the explicit use of the written mode to represent their variation. • Grammatical: The use of unusual syntax patterns or using rules of grammar different to SE, for example the use of double negatives. • Semantic: Change of meaning to established SE words, for example ‘weed’ or ‘stoned’ within the sociolect surrounding the drug culture in the UK.
From the Mouths of Teens • Read the article • Highlight significant /important points / words / phrases • Summarise points made about the origins • Summaries points made about the spread • Interpret the attitude of the writer – this is vital for this module– you will be expected to interpret / explain attitudes.
Key Concepts • Dialect levelling: the means by which dialect differences decrease • Solidarity: A bond of unity between individuals • Identity • MLE – multicultural London English • Dialect Migration: the idea that globalisation is leading to a standardising of language. • Maybe temporary:
The Challenge... • Script a conversation that you might have had using as much MLE as you can!
The Examiner’s Report The most successful answers: • examined the effect of social class, gender and age on people’s use non-standard varieties of English • gave precise examples of the main semantic, phonological and grammatical features of one • or more non-standard varieties of English using relevant contemporary examples • described these features linguistically • integrated research, debates and theories thoughtfully • considered various attitudes shown towards non-standard varieties of English.