1 / 16

Alex R. Nogueira, Luiz Kulay and Gil Anderi da Silva

Assessment on the environmental effect of adding soybean ethylic biodiesel to fossil diesel for passengers transportation in urban center. Alex R. Nogueira, Luiz Kulay and Gil Anderi da Silva. Passengers’ transportation in Brazil. Cities were designed for vehicles;

bette
Download Presentation

Alex R. Nogueira, Luiz Kulay and Gil Anderi da Silva

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Assessment on the environmental effect of adding soybean ethylic biodiesel to fossil diesel for passengers transportation in urban center Alex R. Nogueira, Luiz Kulay and Gil Anderi da Silva

  2. Passengers’ transportation in Brazil • Cities were designed for vehicles; • Lack of railroads or subway; • Road transportation prevails • large demand for infrastructure; • air pollution due to diesel consumption; • need for alternative fuels.

  3. Biodiesel incorporation to the Brazilian energy matrix • National Program for Biodiesel Production and Consumption; • Federal law 11,097/2005: determined a gradual addition of biodiesel into fossil diesel blends: • at least 2% (B2) from 2008 to 2010; • at least 5% (B5) since 2010; • Mixtures are expressed in terms of biodiesel volumetric percentage.

  4. Biodiesel as an alternative fuel • Biodiesel is traditionally proclaimed as more beneficial than fossil diesel: • better results in terms of Climate Change and energy efficiency; • higher cetane number and oxigen content; • lower sulfur content and safer storage. • On the other hand, there are some drawbacks associated with biodiesel consumption, such as: • impacts due to feedstock cultivation; • poor cold flow properties and oxidation susceptibility; • Comprehensive analysis can be obtained from Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) studies.

  5. LCA approaches for fuels well-to-tank (WTT) tank-to-wheel (TTW) well-to-wheel (WTW)

  6. Goal • The study aims at evaluating the environmental effects of different biodiesel + fossil diesel blends in passengers locomotion by bus in the metropolitan region of São Paulo (Brazil), considering the LCA well-to-wheel approach. • Blends considered: • B0 (i.e. only diesel); • B5 • B10 • B20 • B50

  7. São Paulo metropolitan region • 39 cities • 20,7 million inhabitants • 7,947.3 km2 • 20% of Brazilian GDP (approx.) • 258 km of railroads • 78 km of Metro • more than 20 thousand buses • 6 million cars

  8. Product system (foreground) Bioethanol production Fossil diesel production in Brazil T T Transesterification Blending Bus operation T T T T Soybeanoilproduction Fossil diesel production in other countries

  9. Scope • Methodological standardization: ISO 14044 (2006); • LCA approach: well-to-wheel; • Functional unit: passengers transportation in urban buses through 100 km; • This study is based on data adapted from Sugawara (2012), Nigro et al. (2008) and Leal (2008); • Geographical coverage: bus operation at São Paulo Metropolian region, and respective feedstock production in Brazil; • Technological coverage: Mercedes-Benz OM 904 LA engines (EURO III). Nevertheless, data can be considered as good proxy for buses operation in the region; • Allocation: economic criterion; • Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA): ReCiPe v. 1.08 – endpoint.

  10. Engine performance CO2

  11. Engine performance Engine operation parameters considered in this study.

  12. LCA results

  13. LCA results Impact categories contribution to the single score indicator (Pt).

  14. LCA results Effect of biodiesel addition to fossil diesel on indicators results for the impact categories.

  15. Conclusion • Increase in biodiesel concentration lead to better environmental results (single score); • However, impacts are dominated by Climate Change results; • Bus operation dominated the impact categories indicator for climate change, particulate matter formation, photochemical oxidant formation and terrestrial acidification; • Fossil fuel depletion seemed to be of little significance to the overall results.

  16. Obrigado pela atenção! arnogueira@usp.br

More Related