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Breath It In!!

Breath It In!!. The Earths Atmosphere What will happen in the future if we don’t change ? AOI: Environments. Contents. Composition of the earths atmosphere and it’s properties Structure of the atmosphere Atmospheric Pressure The importance of the atmosphere Observing the sky

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Breath It In!!

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  1. BreathIt In!! TheEarthsAtmosphere Whatwillhappen in thefutureifwedon’tchange? AOI: Environments

  2. Contents • Composition of theearthsatmosphere and it’sproperties • Structure of theatmosphere • AtmosphericPressure • Theimportance of theatmosphere • Observingthesky • Atmosphericphenomena • Air pollution

  3. Composition of theatmosphere • Theatmosphereis a gaseouslayerwhichsurroundstheplanet • Itisabout 500 km thick, butmost of the gases are in thetroposphere (0 km to 15 km up) • Air ismainlymade of Nitrogen (78%), Oxygen (21%), Carbondioxide (0.04%), Watervapour ( around 1%) and other gases likeargon (around 1 %)

  4. Composition of theatmosphere • These gases are a mixture becausethey are notchemicallyboundtogether and can be seperated. • For more on gases: http://www.skoool.ie/skoool/junior.asp?id=400

  5. Structure of theatmosphere

  6. Atmosphericlayers Troposphere • This is where all plants and animals live and breathe • Where weather takes place • Air is mixes • T decreases with altitude

  7. Atmosphericlayers Stratosphere • Ozone in this layer stops many of the sun's harmful rays from reaching the earth • People can not breathe in this layer.

  8. Atmosphericlayers Mesosphere • T decreases with altitude • This is where we see “shooting stars" – meteors burning up as they fall to Earth

  9. Atmosphericlayers Thermosphere • Layer of the atmosphere which is first exposed to the Sun's radiation and so is first heated by the Sun. • The air is very thin • The temperature dependent on solar activity.

  10. AIR PRESSURE

  11. Keeping an Atmosphere • Atmosphere is kept by the world’s gravity • Low mass (small) worlds= low gravity =almost no atm. • High mass (large) worlds = high gravity = thick atm. • Gravity and pressure • Air pressure depends on how much gas there is i.e. The atmospheric thickness.

  12. Gravity and Atmospheric Pressure • The stronger the gravity, the more gas is held by the world and the greater the weight of atm. on a point

  13. The air is made up of molecules.

  14. Gravity pulls the air molecules toward the earth, giving them weight. The weight of the air molecules all around us is called the air pressure.

  15. High altitudes = lower pressure Low altitudes = higher pressure

  16. Atmospheric Pressure Gas pressure depends on both density and temperature. Adding air molecules increases the pressure in a balloon. Heating the air also increases the pressure.

  17. Air pressure is equal in all directions. Pressure = force per unit area

  18. Barometric pressure goes down. As elevation goes up This is an inverse relationship.

  19. In 1643, Evangelista Torricelli invented the barometer

  20. Torricelli’s barometer used a glass column suspended in a bowl of mercury. The pressure of the air molecules pushed the mercury up into the glass tube. The weight of the mercury in the tube was equal to the weight of the air pressing down on the mercury in the dish.

  21. As atmospheric pressure increases… The mercury in the tube rises.

  22. The Mercury Barometer Good: Bad: • Simple to construct • Highly accurate • Glass tube is fragile • Mercury is very toxic!

  23. TheGreenhouseeffect • http://www.skoool.ie/content/skoool_learning/junior/lessons/science/conservation/flash/h-frame-ns6.htm • Pages 1-10

  24. TheGreenhouseeffect TheGreenhouseEffectis NOT thesame as Global Warming

  25. TheGreenhouseEffect • Light containsenergy and travelslike a wave

  26. TheGreenhouseEffect • Toomuch light energyisstaying in theatmospherebecause of greenhouse gases likeCarbonDioxide and Methane • Thisismakingtheplanethotteroverall • Thisiscauseingproblemslike: • Flooding (ice capsmelting) • Drought • Destrcuction of habitats and ecosystems

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