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HONORS BIOLOGY CHAPTER ONE: Biology: Exploring Life

HONORS BIOLOGY CHAPTER ONE: Biology: Exploring Life. Biology. The Scientific Study of Life. Characteristics of Life. An organism must have all seven of these in order to be considered as living. 1. Order 2. Reproduction 3. Growth and development 4. Energy Processing

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HONORS BIOLOGY CHAPTER ONE: Biology: Exploring Life

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  1. HONORS BIOLOGYCHAPTER ONE: Biology: Exploring Life

  2. Biology • The Scientific Study of Life

  3. Characteristics of Life • An organism must have all seven of these in order to be considered as living. • 1. Order • 2. Reproduction • 3. Growth and development • 4. Energy Processing • 5. Respond to the Environment • 6. Regulation • 7. Evolutionary adaptation Characteristics of Life youtube 5:24

  4. ORDERLiving things are made of cells • These units help to organize their materials.

  5. Nerve cell Examples of Cells Egg and sperm Red blood cell Fat cell Cheek cell

  6. 2. REPRODUCTION • Why is this so important? • How do plants reproduce? • How do animals reproduce? Egg and sperm pollen Euglena separate

  7. Sexual Reproduction Two parents unite to form a new organism Asexual Reproduction A single parent divides itself two produce offspring Types of Reproduction Asexual/Sexual Reproduction Animation

  8. 3. GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENTLiving things are based on a universal genetic code (DNA). • All living things have the same bases (A, T, C, G) in their DNA-they are just in different order

  9. Each organism has a pattern of growth and development characteristic of its species. • Tadpole + Flatfish metamorphosis • Crecropia Moth Life Cycle Video

  10. 4. ENERGY PROCESSING • Organisms take in energy and transform it to perform all of life’s activities. -metabolism (burn food) -photosynthesis (make food) Cellular Respiration-Pearson (4:29)

  11. 5. RESPOND TO THE ENVIRONMENT • All organisms respond to environmental stimuli. • YouTube - Venus flytrap eating a spider • Bozeman Response to Environment

  12. Stimulus-Response • A stimulus is a signal to which an organism responds.

  13. 6. REGULATIONLiving Things Maintain a Stable Internal Environment • The environment may change, but regulatory mechanisms maintain an organisms’ internal environments within limits that sustain life. Homeostasis-ability of an organism to maintain stability Sunbathing lemur on a cool morning

  14. 7. EVOLUTIONARY ADAPTATIONTaken as a group, living things change over time. Adaptations evolve to allow greater reproductive success • Homer Simpson Evolution

  15. Characteristics of Life Activity

  16. 1.2 HIERARCHY OF ORGANIZATION

  17. 1.2 HIERARCHY OF ORGANIZATION (cont.)

  18. 1.2 HIERARCHY OF ORGANIZATION (cont.)

  19. Biosphere Ecosystem Community Population Organism Organ Systems Organs Tissues Cells Organelle Molecules PUT IN ORDER LARGEST TO SMALLEST

  20. Go to Levels of Life PicturesPower Point(then back here to activity)

  21. Name the Level of Organization

  22. HONORS BIOLOGY VOCABULARY • Inference = logical interpretation of the situation (may involve experiences and judgments) • Observation= using your senses (and tools) to gather information

  23. What’s the Difference? SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY Applied scientific knowledge for a specific purpose Medicine Computers Aeronautics Bioengineering • An approach on understanding the world as it is • Gravity • Biology • Physics • geology

  24. Inference or Observation? • 1. The person in the front of the room is the teacher. • 2. There are 25 students in the room. • 3. The crickets like to eat lettuce. • 4. 8/12 crickets were found at the lettuce in a 2 minute period.

  25. ADD “Emergent Properties” • What does it mean that “the whole is greater than the sum of its parts?” • How is a person different than just its blood or its muscles? • How is population of people in Hudson different than just one person (you)?

  26. EXAMPLES BEE HIVE Bicycle Parts Whole Bicycle • One bee does limited jobs, but together they get the hive and honey made. You can get a lot farther with it put together Drone Queen Worker

  27. 1.3 Cells are the structural and functional units of life • A cell is the lowest level that can have all the properties of life. • UNICELLULAR– an organism that consists of only one cell EX: bacteria • MULTICELLULAR – an organisms that consists of more than one cell

  28. Prokaryotic Cells – have no nucleus bound in a membrane EX: bacteria • -smaller • First to evolve (3.7 bya) • Eukaryotic Cells– have a nucleus bound in a membrane • EX: nerve cell, plant cell, paramecium • -larger cells • -evolved around 2.1 bya • How did the evolution of Life begin? (4:16)

  29. HYPOTHESIS THEORY LAW • Prediction Several Proven made from tests showed true every observations idea to be time (no true exception) Ball will go Ball, rock, Law of down off cliff + wheel go Gravity off cliff

  30. Darwin’s Ideas of Evolution • Natural Selection – Survival of the fittest • Descent with Modification– changes from a common ancestor

  31. Carolus Linnaeus’ Ideas • Devised a system of binomial nomenclature (Genus and species) • A dichotomous key is used to identify organisms; a character divides in two each time

  32. 1.5 Evolution, the core theme of Biology • The unity of life is based on DNA and a common genetic code • ALL CELLS HAVE DNA • ALL CELLS HAVE FOUR BASES THAT MAKE UP DNA (A,T, C, G) • DNA is the molecule that makes up genes (units of inheritance) that group to make chromosomes

  33. DNA is the blueprint for making proteins (pigments, enzymes, membranes, hormones…)

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