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The Aztec. The Aztec was a great civilization who lived in Mesoamerica and developed a culture that included masterpieces in art, spectacular cities, and agricultural practices that remain today. By Nishan Barua, and Edwin Grande. Who and Where.
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The Aztec The Aztec was a great civilization who lived in Mesoamerica and developed a culture that included masterpieces in art, spectacular cities, and agricultural practices that remain today. • By Nishan Barua, and Edwin Grande
Who and Where • The Aztec began as a poor, wandering tribe and eventually settled in the Central Valley of Mexico. • They were a powerful group who ruled close to 3 million people for about 200 years. • War was important for their survival. • Boys became warriors when they were seventeen. • They believed a short, brave life was better than one of defeat. • They were always ready for battle.
Timeline When • 1200-they came to a valley in Mexico • 1325- they built a large city state called Tenochtitlan. • 1438- they build a huge empire. • 1502 – Montezuma II becomes the tlatoani. • 1519- Hernando de Cortez, a Spanish explorer, arrived in Mexico • 1521-The empire ended after the Spanish conquered.
How we know about the Aztecs? • We know something about how the Aztec people lived from ruins of buildings, and remains of pottery, jewelry, and artifacts which have been found. • Archaeologists are people who piece together history from evidence and tell us about ancient peoples.
Aztec’s Crops Aztecs crops • The major crop of the Aztec was corn, known as maize, along with chilly peppers, onions and tomatoes. • They thought corn was a gift from the gods. by Adalin and Boutaina
What Did The Aztec Grow? They cut terraces to mark flat fields so they could grew maize. The Aztec built chinampas,or raised garden beds, in swamp land and shallow water to surround the crops they grew. chinampas
What The Aztec Eat The Aztec ate rabbits, bees, beans, squash and maize.
The Aztec made tortillas from corn. • The Aztec made tamales from maize.
ShelterByJocelyn A.and Ammara • The Aztecs built Tenochtitlan a large city. • They built pyramids to honor the gods.
Shelter • The houses were made out of wood, and mud bricks. • They built palaces that had more than 50 rooms.
Cities of the Aztec • The Aztec built their cities in the highlands of • what is now the country of Mexico. • Tenochtitlan was the greatest city of the Aztec . It is on an island in Lake Texcoco. • Tenochtitlan had four main sections. Each clan had it’s own section. • Each section had houses, a temple, a school ,and a garden. By Lupita and Pamela
Fun Facts of the Aztec Plaza The plaza was a central area where there were sometimes as many as 60 buildings. The Aztec built pyramids in the plaza for the god of war and sun. The great pyramid was located in the plaza and it was over 200 feet tall. It was a step pyramid that was made of many layers of stone.
war god sun god rain god Aztec Religion The Aztec made temples and pyramids. They believed in many nature gods. They thought the gods lived in the sky. The main gods were Huitzilopochtli, the war god andTlaloc the rain god. By Rodrigo Maldonado and Ananda Poudel
The great temple Religion • The Great Temple was the most important religious building in the city Tenochitilan. • The Aztec made statues and painting of their gods to make them happy.
Aztec pyramid Religion • People still climb the pyramid of the sun. • The Aztec believed that they had to please the gods or bad things would happen. The sun pyramid
The Government • The Aztec government was called Monarchy. Monarchy is a system of passing royalty to their sons. • Aztec had small city states and each had a leader to speak for them. • The Aztec cared about power and wanted to conquer other lands. By Misoon Mousa and Melat Tarekegan
The Government • The nobles were rich leaders of the provinces and they owned a lot of land. • The commoners were divided into family groups called clans. People had to pay taxes. • The ruler or king was called tlatoani or the Great Speaker!
The Kings • The Aztec government had 11 rulers known as kings. • The most famous ruler was called Montezuma. He ruled from 1440-1469 and he helped the empire grow. • The 10th ruler died after only 80 days. By Misoon and Melat
Aztec Numbers & Countingby Melanie Martinez and Gresia Galicia Flores • The Mesoamericans were obsessed with counting and the passage of time. • They invented a counting system based on the unit 20.
Aztec Numbers & Counting • They counted in 20s and used pictures to represent numbers. A flag stood for 20 and a feather stood for 400. • The number 8,000 was shown by a pouch for carrying incense.
The Aztec Calendar By Temuulen Uranbayar and Zanab Farooq The Aztec Calendar had 18 months and 20 days. All together it equals 365 days.
The months of the year were named like “Fall of the Fruit” or “Growth”. • They used calendars to see if people were lucky or not, but only priests and astrologist could read the calendar.
Fun Facts About the Aztec Calendar • The Aztec had 2 kinds of calendars: Solar and Sacred calendars. • Aztec thought that six extra days were unlucky. They wouldn’t go out or do anything on those days, but would sit inside. Sacred Calendar Solar Calendar
Picture Writing by Flavia & Furdus • The Aztecs had a picture writing systemand kept details of their history and administration. • The pictures or glyphs were of objects like a tree or knife. Some glyphs were pictures of war or motion. They drew in black first and then colored it in. • The Aztec made paper from the bark of trees. They folded the paper together and made books called codex. • The writing was also kept on walls and pottery and carved objects from stone or jade.
Examples of Aztec Picture Writing = a jar of honey = a dead body = war
Aztec Art by: Minjin Uranbayar and Leticia Galicia The Aztec made clay pots by hand. The finest pottery came from Cholula. They made pots that had pictures on them. Jewelry was made out of stone and most people had pierced ears and wore earrings made out of shells.
How They Made Pottery • The pottery was made out of rocks and minerals. • Stone working is one of the oldest of the Mesoamerican crafts.
Aztec Sports Temuulen Uranbayar
Tlachtli • One of the most popular Aztec games was called Tlachtli. • The goal of the game was to get an 8-10 pound rubber ball to the other team’s side. • Two teams played on a field shaped like an H between two walls. To add to the challenge, only the hips and the feet could be used to move the ball. A stone ring was located at each side of the field.
Fun Facts About Tlachtli • This was one of the roughest sports, players wore leather belts in order to protect themselves from being hurt. • Nearly everyone, however, was allowed to watch and betting was very common. Bets included gold, fine clothing, slaves and even their own freedom or the freedom of their family.
Aztec and Healthby Jocelyn, Zina and Ms. Anna • The Aztec understood that keeping clean was one way to stay healthy. They bathed often and even took steam baths. • They had knowledge about plantsand how to use herbs as medicine to heal their sick. • They cleaned their teeth with charcoals and salt, an early form of toothpaste.
Aztec and Health • Their skilled doctors tried to heal the Spanish who brought disease and death to this culture. • Outbreaks of disease weakened the Aztec and may have been one of the reasons their civilization came to an end.
The Arrival Of The SpanishBy: Zina and Jocelyn • The explorers were surprised when they saw Tenochtitlan, the capital of the Aztec Empire. • The Spanish leader Hernando Cortes and his army invaded the Aztec and destroyed the city and killed most of the people.
End of The Aztec • The Spanish Conquistadors not only conquered the Aztecs through war, they brought diseases to this civilization and that is how the Aztec Empire Civilization ended.
