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Skill Area 310 – Part B

Skill Area 310 – Part B. Materials prepared by Dhimas Ruswanto , BMm. Lecture Overview. CPU Main Memory User Interface Systems Software Concepts Utility Programs. Computer System. Processing (CPU/Memory). Input Devices. Output Devices. Storage Devices. CPU.

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Skill Area 310 – Part B

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  1. Skill Area 310 – Part B Materials prepared by DhimasRuswanto, BMm

  2. Lecture Overview • CPU • Main Memory • User Interface • Systems Software Concepts • Utility Programs

  3. Computer System Processing (CPU/Memory) Input Devices Output Devices Storage Devices

  4. CPU • Also called CPU, processor or microprocessor • “Brains” of the computer • Performs all computer operations

  5. Main Memory • Where all the input data and results stored • Random Access Memory (RAM) • Read Only Memory (ROM)

  6. RAM • RAM is volatile =data are lost when computer is turned off • Read current info and also write new info • Very important in determining capabilities of the computer system • Stores work when they are in use. • Word Document • Spreadsheet • Power Point

  7. ROM • ROM is non-volatile= permanent and are not affected where computer is turned lost • Can read info Stored in ROM • Can not write new info into ROM • Used for “internal workings” of computer • Boot Software

  8. User Interface • A function of the operating system that allows individuals to access and command the computer • Command-based User Interface • A particular user interface that requires text commands be given to the computer to perform basic activities • E.g., unix, DOS • Graphical User Interface (GUI) • A user interface that uses pictures (icons) and menus displayed on the screen to send commands to the computer system • Input Devices -> keyboard, mouse, monitor, touch-screen • Features of GUI -> Windows, Icons, Menus, Pointer

  9. Systems Software Concepts • Hardware Independences • Memory Management • Processing Tasks • Networking Capability • Access to System Resources and Security • File Management

  10. Hardware independence • Operating system (OS) provides hardware independence for application software • Application software interfaces(API) with the operating system which interfaces with the hardware • Memory management • Control how memory is accessed and maximize available memory and storage Systems Software Concepts

  11. API • Application Programming Interface (API) • A language and message format used by an application program to communicate with the operating system or some other control program such as a database management system (DBMS) or communications protocol Application Program Interface Links Application Software to the Operating System

  12. Systems Software Concepts • Processing Tasks • Multitasking / Multiprogramming: • More than one program in RAM at the same time • Allows more than one active user program to be stored in main memory simultaneously • Fairly sophisticated • All the jobs that enter the system are kept in the job pool. This pool consists of all processes residing on mass storage awaiting allocation of main memory. • If there is not enough room, then the system must choose among the jobs. • A time-sharing system is a multiprogramming system.

  13. Processing Tasks (cont’d) • Processing Tasks • Time-Sharing • Sharing of a computing resources among many users by means of multiprogramming • Allowing a large number of users to interact concurrently with a single computer • Dramatically lowered the cost of providing computing capability • Made possible for individuals and organizations to use a computer without owning one • Promoted the interactive use of computers and the development of new interactive applications

  14. Systems Software Concepts • Networking Capability • Features and capabilities of the OS that aid users in connecting to a computer network • Allow connected computers to: • Communicate • Share resources • Divide work

  15. Systems Software Concepts • Access to system resources and security • Protection against unauthorized access • Logins and passwords • File management • Ensures that files in secondary storage are available when needed and that they are protected from access by unauthorized users

  16. Utility Programs • Help to perform maintenance or correct problems with a computer system. • Designed to limited range of tasks • E.g. : • Hardware utilities, • Virus-detection • Recovery utilities • File-compression utilities, • Spam and pop-up blocker utilities

  17. Summary • CPU is a ‘brain’ of a computer • Main Memory: • RAM (volatile) & ROM (non-volatile) • User Interface • Command-based User Interface • Graphical User Interface • Systems Software Concept: • Hardware Independences • Memory Management • Processing Tasks • Networking Capability • Access to System Resources and Security • File Management

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