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Cells

Cells. Chapter 6.1 HS pg 122. Defined. Basic unit of structure and function of all living things. Cell Membrane. Surrounds cell =cell wall Alias= plasma membrane Regulates transport of molecules into and out of the cell Semi permeable Composed of phospholipid bilayer and proteins.

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Cells

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  1. Cells Chapter 6.1 HS pg 122

  2. Defined • Basic unit of structure and function of all living things

  3. Cell Membrane • Surrounds cell =cell wall • Alias= plasma membrane • Regulates transport of molecules into and out of the cell • Semi permeable • Composed of phospholipid bilayer and proteins

  4. Nucleus • Most important organelle • Controls activity • Contains DNA • Nuclear membrane=envelopes the nucleus • Nucleoplasm= semi fluid that holds chromatin in place,

  5. Cytoplasm/cytoskeleton • Cytoplasm= jelly like substance, fills area between nuclear membrane and cell membrane • Cytoskeleton= structure acts as support for cell, cytoplasm flows throughout, and holds organelles in place

  6. Centrioles • Two cylinder shaped organelles found near the nucleus • Perpendicular to each other • Separate from each other in mitosis • Spindle fibers pull away from each other and cell splits (spindle fibers attach to chromosomes)

  7. Endoplasmic Reticulum • Network of tubular structures • Serves as transport system for cell • Rough ER= ribosomes attached • Smooth=cholesterol synthesis, fat metabolism and detox of drugs

  8. Mitochondria • Rod shaped organelle • Supplies cell with energy in the form of ATP • “power house” of the cell

  9. Golgi Apparatus • Golgi Body/complex • Synthesizes carbs and combines them with proteins • Stores and packages secretions for discharge from the cell • Abundant in cells of gastric glands, salivary glands, pancreatic glands

  10. Lysosomes • Spherical shaped • Digestive enzymes to digest protein molecules • Digests old worn out cells, bacteria, and foreign matter • If lysosome ruptures, it eats the cells proteins=cell death=nicknamed “suicide bags”

  11. Perioxisomes • Membranous sac • Contains oxidase enzymes= digest fats and detox harmful substances

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